动物情感及其在动物福利应用的研究进展

Research progress on animal emotions and its application in animal welfare

动物拥有情感是动物福利科学和动物保护的基础,由于情感判断具有主观性,对动物情感状态的评价一直是个科学挑战。良好的福利不仅是动物没有消极的经历,更重要的是具有积极的状态。目前对动物心理学和神经学等的研究为动物情感状态研究提供了理论基础;同时对动物行为、生理表达、植物神经系统(心率和心率变异性)和免疫系统的研究为动物情感状态提供了完整评价方法。文章主要论述了动物情感状态存在的科学理论及情感状态对动物福利的重要性。以期通过探讨积极情感提高饲养动物生活质量的有益策略为丰富情感评价指标和更全面评估和改善动物福利提供参考。

Animal emotion is the foundation of animal welfare science and animal protection.Evaluation of an animals'emotional state has been scientifically challenging because of its subjective nature.This paper addressed two main issues:first,it reviewed the current state of scientific knowledge that supported the existence of emotion states in animals,second,the emotional state was important to animal welfare.Recent ad vances in animal psychology and neuroscience were reviewed to provide pragmatic frame works of animal emotion.At the same time,behavior,physiological expression and the autonomic nervous system(HR and HRV)and immune system provided a complete evaluation method for ani mal emotional state.In this paper,useful strategies for enhancing animal welfare by emotions were outlined.Besides,it provided new ideas for enriching the emotional evaluation index and improving animal welfare more entirely.