时间约束下鲜活农产品供应链最优订购协调研究——基于“农超对接”模式

Research on the Optimal Order Coordination of Fresh Agricultural Products Supply Chain under Time Constraint——Based on the“Agriculture-supermarket Jointing”Model

考虑需求不确定下农户和超市组成的具有时间约束的二级鲜活农产品供应链,分析了一次订购和二次订购下运输时间和需求价格弹性对供应链利润的影响,从而选择最优的订购策略,通过供应链激励机制来协调农户和超市间的利润。研究表明:对于鲜活农产品供应链而言,二次订购策略优于一次订购策略;通过供应链协调,能够激励农户或超市选择二次订购策略;供应链和超市的利润随着运输时间的增加而减少,供应链及各方利润随着需求价格弹性的增加而减小。最后以算例分析验证了研究结果的正确性。

Considering the time-constrained secondary fresh agricultural products supply chain composed of farmers and supermarkets with demand uncertainty,this paper analyzes the impact of transportation time and price elasticity of demand on the profit of the supply chain under one-order strategy and two-order strategy.Therefore,the optimal ordering strategy is selected to coordinate the profits between farmers and supermarkets through the supply chain incentive mechanism.The result shows that:for the fresh agricultural products supply chain,two-order strategy is better than one-order strategy,and farmers and supermarkets can be motivated to choose two-order strategy through supply chain coordination.The profit of supply chain and supermarket decreases with the increase of transport time,and the profit of supply chain and all parties decreases with the increase of price elasticity of demand.Finally,an example is given to verify the correctness of the results.