小儿急性呼吸道感染中常见呼吸道病毒的检测情况分析

Detection of Common Respiratory Viruses in Children With Acute Respiratory Tract Infections

目的分析急性呼吸道感染患儿中常见呼吸道病毒的检测情况,为防治小儿急性呼吸道感染提供参考。方法收集2019年6—9月我院收治的330例急性呼吸道感染患儿血样并采用ELISA法对血清副流感病毒(parainfluenza virus,PIV)、腺病毒(adenovirus,ADV)和呼吸道合胞病毒(respiratory syncytial virus,RSV)抗体进行检测,对上述各种病毒在不同病种、性别、年龄等患儿中的分布特征进行比较分析。结果330份血样中,三种常见呼吸道病毒抗体总检出212份,总检出率为64.2%;其中PIV-1型抗体检出50份(占15.2%,未检出其他型PIV抗体)、ADV抗体检出44份(13.3%)、RSV抗体检出118份(35.7%)。330例患儿中,急性下呼吸道感染者3类呼吸道病毒抗体检出率均高于急性上呼吸道感染患儿(P<0.05);女性患儿3类呼吸道病毒抗体总检出率高于男性患儿(P<0.05);年龄<3岁患儿血清病毒抗体总检出率、RSV抗体检出率高于年龄≥3岁患儿(P<0.05)。结论本地区小儿急性呼吸道感染病例中,PIV感染以1型为主,3岁以下幼儿易感染RSV,下呼吸道感染患儿常见呼吸道病毒检出率高于上呼吸道感染患儿。

Objective To analyze the detection of common respiratory viruses in children with acute respiratory tract infection,and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of children with acute respiratory tract infection.Methods The blood samples of 330 children with acute respiratory infection admitted in our hospital from June to September of 2019 collected and the serum antibodies against parainfluenza virus(PIV),adenovirus(ADV)and respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)were detected by ELISA.The distribution characteristics of these viruses in different diseases,sex and age were compared and analyzed.Results Among 330 blood samples,212 of the three common respiratory virus antibodies were detected,with a total detection rate of 64.2%.Among them,50(15.2%)were detected for PIV-1 antibodies,44(13.3%)for ADV antibodies and 118(35.7%)for RSV antibodies.Among 330 children with acute lower respiratory tract infection,the detection rate of three kinds of respiratory viral antibodies was higher than that of children with acute upper respiratory tract infection(P<0.05);the detection rate of three kinds of respiratory viral antibodies in female children was higher than that in male children(P<0.05);the detection rate of serum viral antibodies and RSV antibodies in children with age<3 years old was higher than that in children with age<3 years old(P<0.05).Conclusion Among the children with acute respiratory tract infection in this area,PIV infection is mainly type 1.Children under 3 years old are susceptible to RSV infection.The detection rate of common respiratory tract virus in children with lower respiratory tract infection is higher than that in children with upper respiratory tract infection.