国内外普速铁路钢轨标准差异分析(上)

Comparative Analysis on Domestic and Foreign Rail Standards of Conventional Railway(Part 1 of 2)

介绍国内外普速铁路钢轨的应用现状,对比分析标准中钢轨断面、断面尺寸极限偏差、定尺长度、钢种、各检验项目等内容。结果表明,我国普速铁路钢轨标准在钢轨断面、定尺长度、钢种、低倍检验、拉伸试验、非金属夹杂物、落锤试验等项目上,与欧洲、日本、美国存在差异。S,P,非金属夹杂物等级要求低,低倍检验、拉伸试验等技术指标要求严格。建议我国钢轨标准提高S,P,非金属夹杂物要求等级,减少拉伸试验检验频次,取消落锤试验。

Application status of domestic and foreign conventional railway rail is introduced.Rail sections,section tolerances,length,type of rail,testing itemsof different standards are compared and contrasted.Results show that there are differences in rail sections,length,type of rail,macroscopic examination,tensile test,nonmetallic inclusion,drop-weight test and other indicators between conventional railway rail standards in China,Europe,Japan and the United States.Chemical composition requirements such as S and P,and nonmetallic inclusion grade requirement are lower in China.Technical indicators such as macroscopic examination and tensile test are more stringent in China.It is suggested that S,P contents requirement and nonmetallic inclusion grade requirements should be improved in Chi nese rail standard.Furthermore,the frequency of tensile test should be reduced,and the drop-weight test should be canceled.