韧性城市理论在城市管理中的应用

Application of Resilience City Theory in Urban Management

城市管理是指以城市这个开放的复杂巨系统为对象,以城市基本信息流为基础,运用一系列机制和措施对城市一切活动进行管理的行为。传统的城市管理中对灾难的规划方法通常强调治理和防御,只关注灾害本身,而忽略其与城市的互动。韧性城市理论的加入,扩大了城市公共安全管理体系的内涵和应用面。一方面城市韧性理论从动态的角度定义了风险挑战和城市环境之间的关系,同时认识到风险的常态性和系统的动态平衡。另一方面具有韧性的城市往往有能力来维护其完整性。尤其是在当前城市管理面临的因公共安全风险相互重叠,使安全风险增大;城市结构复杂,而增加系统的脆弱性;以及城市基础设施适应性不足,使城市缺乏有效的风险管理。因此,需要把基础设施建设作为韧性城市公共安全管理的前提,加强韧性城市组织体系建设,提高城市居民的精神韧性,以减轻紧急情况的影响并缓解城市长期存在的压力。

Urban management refers to the act of taking the open and complex giant system of the city as the object and using a series of mechanisms and measures to manage all urban activities based on the basic information flow of the city.Disaster planning methods in traditional urban management usually emphasize governance and defense,focusing only on the disaster itself and ignoring its interaction with the city.The addition of the resilient city theory has expanded the connotation and application of the urban public safety management system.On the one hand,the theory of urban resilience defines the relationship between risk challenges and the urban environment from a dynamic perspective,while recognizing the normality of risks and the dynamic balance of the system.On the other hand,resilient cities often have the ability to maintain their integrity.Especially in the current urban management,public security risks overlap with each other,which increases security risks;complex urban structures increase the vulnerability of the system;and the lack of adaptability of urban infrastructure makes cities lack effective risk management.Therefore,it is necessary to take infrastructure construction as a prerequisite for public safety management in resilient cities,strengthen the construction of resilient urban organizational systems,and improve the mental resilience of urban residents in order to reduce the impact of emergency situations and relieve long-term pressure in cities.