应用藓袋法监测大气氟污染的方法-以上海市为例

Application of Moss-Bag Method to Monitor Fluoride Pollution-a Case Study of Shanghai

氟化物是重要的大气污染物之一,传统监测方法成本高、取样难。苔藓植物对大气中的污染物质富集能力强,是一种经济有效的生物监测指示植物。文章以大灰藓(Hypnum plumiforme Wilson)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Dozy&Molk.)Dozy&Molk.)和细叶小羽藓(Haplocladium microphyllum(Hedw.)Broth.)为材料,应用藓袋法获取了上海市21个城区环境监测点的大气氟污染数据。发现基于藓袋法得到的结果与实际的工业污染、交通密度流量有很好的对应性,以三种藓类为材料的藓袋法测定的氟污染数据显著,表明应用藓袋法测定氟污染的灵敏度高。藓袋法测定大气氟污染是一种具有潜在应用前景的大气氟污染测定方法,有望替代传统的石灰滤纸法。

Fluoride is one of the important atmospheric pollutants.Traditional method to monitor environmental pollutants is expensive,time-consumedly.Bryophytes are economical and effective biological monitoring and indicating plants,which has a high enrichment capability to atmospheric pollutants.In the present work,21 monitoring sites were sampled in the central area of Shanghai by hanging moss bags to obtain fluoride data in moss bag.Our qualitative analyses on the obtained data by using moss-bag method revealed a correspondence between the fluoride concentrations in moss bag with the actual industrial pollution,traffic density and flux.The results by using moss-bag method to indicate the fluoride concentration in the atmosphere,whether with Hypnum plumiforme Wilson,Thuidium cymbifolium(Dozy&Molk.)Dozy&Molk.,or Haplocladium microphyllum(Hedw.)Broth.,produced similar results.Therefore,the application of moss-bag method to determine the atmospheric pollution is of practical value.The method may be a potential alternative to traditional lime filter method to monitor fluoride pollution in the atmosphere.