摘要
文章聚焦在青岛本土居住建筑——里院。青岛的里院建筑是伴随着青岛近代历史历程演变而成的一种特殊的建筑形式,也是老城区城市肌理的重要组成部分,并构成了青岛“红瓦绿树蓝天”的地域性城市风貌。里院建筑也是具有市井生活化状态的街区文化样本,但是,随着城市化建设的发展以及原住居民的搬离,现在的里院建筑大多处于空置状态,并面临着被拆除的困境。通过笔者通过搜集里院历史图纸与相关资料、实地调研考察以及拍摄照片等方法,对里院建筑进行记录和分析,并尝试着对其空间形制和文化价值进行把握。从里院建筑的居住类型意义着手进行阐述,包括其中的空间类型和历史意义等,例如里院的格网,具有新城市主义所倡导的高密度小方格的空间形式,也是十九大以来中国城市建设的重要内容;其中,组成建筑单体的空间形式类型也较为丰富,有“口、日、目、凹、L”等形式;并且,里院建筑凝聚着大多老一辈青岛人的集体记忆,其中部分的历史建筑具有一定的文化价值。在尊重里院原有空间形制的前提下,尝试讨论对其干预较小的改造方式,以此“活化”里院建筑的功能,并使其得到可持续的更新保护,以适应当下社会的需求。希望能为留存城市的肌理以及集体记忆贡献一份力量,并对其今后的更新保护做到抛砖引玉的作用。
The work aims to focus on Qingdao's native residential building—Liyuan building.Qingdao Liyuan building is a special architectural form,which is evolved with the development of modern Qingdao history.It is also an important element which constitutes the urban texture of the old city of Qingdao,and forms the regional urban style of“red tiles,green trees and blue sky”in Qingdao.Liyuan building is also a part of district??s cultural life.However,with the rapid development of urbanization and the movement of the original residents,most of Liyuan buildings are now empty and facing the dilemma of being demolished.Liyuan buildings are recorded and analyzed by collecting the historical drawings and other related materials of Liyuan building,conducting field research,taking photos and so on,and the work attempts to grasp the spatial form and cultural value of Liyuan buildings.Attempts are made to elaborate on the meaning of residential type of Liyuan building,including the space type and historical significance.For example,the grid of the Liyuan building has the spatial form of high-density small squares advocated by neo-urbanism,which is also an important connotation of China??s urban development since the 19th CPC National Congress.In addition,the types of spatial forms that constitute monomer buildings are also relatively rich,including but not limited to“口,日,目,凹,L”.Furthermore,Qingdao Liyuan building embodies the collective memory of most elder people in Qingdao,and some of the historical buildings have certain cultural value.Under the premise of respecting the original spatial form of Liyuan building,the work tries to discuss the renovation of Liyuan building with less intervention,so as to“reinvigorate”the functions of Liyuan buildings and enable them to be sustainably renewed and protected,so that they can adapt to the social needs.The work expects to contribute to the preservation of the city's texture and collective memory,and play an important role in its future renewal and protection.
作者
赵倩文
ZHAO Qianwen(Qingdao Urban Planning and Design Research Institute,Qingdao 266000,China)
出处
《工业工程设计》
2020年第2期93-98,共6页
INDUSTRIAL&ENGINEERING DESIGN
关键词
青岛里院
民居建筑
居住类型
本土文化
空间构成
保护更新
Qingdao Liyuan building
residential building
residential type
local culture
space construction
protection and renewal