健康体检人群血清尿酸水平及高尿酸血症的分布特点分析

An Analysis of Distribution Characteristics of Serum Uric Acid Level and Hyperuricemia in Healthy People Undergoing Physical Examination

目的研究健康体检人群血清尿酸(SUA)水平及高尿酸血症(HUA)的分布特点。方法选取2018年2月至2019年2月我院健康体检人群20874例并采集晨起空腹外周静脉血5 mL,凝固、分离后取上清,采用酶比色法检测SUA水平同时进行HUA诊断,分析不同年龄和性别人群SUA水平和HUA检出率变化,比较不同SUA水平人群高血压、糖尿病及心血管疾病等发生率。结果60岁以上男性SUA水平低于18~60岁组;50岁以上女性SUA水平高于18~50岁组,60岁以上女性SUA水平高于51~60岁组;且各年龄段男性SUA水平均高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);20874例受检者中共检出HUA患者4584例,占比21.96%,男性和女性HUA检出率分别为29.39%和13.80%,其中男性60岁以上年龄段HUA检出率明显低于18~60岁组,女性HUA检出率随年龄增加而升高,51~60岁年龄段HUA检出率高于18~50岁组,60岁以上年龄段HUA检出率高于18~60岁组,且18~60岁年龄段男性HUA检出率高于女性,60岁以上年龄段男性HUA检出率低于女性,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,男性、HUA家族史、BMI增加、GFR降低、饮酒史、糖尿病以及高脂血症均为HUA发病的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论60岁以上男性SUA水平明显降低,50岁以上女性SUA水平明显升高,针对不同年龄段男性和女性分别制定相应参考值范围有利于提升HUA诊断和治疗水平,对改善患者身心健康具有重要意义。

Objective To study the distribution characteristics of serum uric acid(SUA)level and hyperuricemia(HUA)in healthy people undergoing physical examination.Methods 20874 healthy people underwent physical examination in our hospital from February,2018 to February,2019 were selected for the study,and 5 mL of fasting peripheral venous blood was collected in the morning from each subject.After solidification and separation of the blood sample,the supernatant was taken,and the SUA level was detected by enzymatic colorimetry and HUA diagnosis was performed.The changes of SUA level and HUA detection rate were analyzed among people with different ages and genders,and the incidence rates of hypertension,diabetes and cardiovascular disease were compared among people with different SUA levels.Results The SUA level of males over 60 years old was lower than that of males of 18-60 years old.The SUA level of females over 50 years old was higher than that of females of 18-50 years old,and the SUA level of females over 60 years old was higher than that of females of 51-60 years old.The SUA levels of male in all age groups were higher than that of females(P<0.05).Among the 20874 subjects,4584 HUA patients were detected,accounting for 21.96%,and the detection rates of HUA in males and females were 29.39%and 13.80%respectively.The detection rate of HUA in males over 60 years old was significantly lower than that in males of 18-60 years old,and the detection rate of HUA in females was increased with age,and the detection rate of HUA in 51-60 year old age group was higher than that of 18-50 year old age group.The detection rate of HUA in over 60 year old age group was higher than that of 18-60 year old group,and the detection rate of HUA in males with 18-60 years old was higher than that of females.Also,the detection rate of HUA in males over 60 years old was lower than that of females(All P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male,HUA family history,increased BMI,decreased GFR,drinking history,diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia were independent risk factors for HUA(P<0.05).Conclusion The SUA level is significantly decreased in males of over 60 years old,and the SUA level is significantly increased in females of over 50 years old.It is necessary to develop the corresponding reference range for males and females of different ages so to improve the diagnosis and treatment processes of HUA,and it is of great significance to improve the physical and mental health of patients.