综合医院HIV感染继发AIDS患者相关临床特征分析

A Correlation Analysis of Clinical Feature in HIV Secondary for AIDS Patients in General Hospitals

目的回顾性分析我院艾滋病确证阳性患者的就诊原因和疾病种类,为防治AIDS合并高概率疾病的发生,降低AIDS患者死亡率提供理论依据。方法回顾性分析我院2012年4月至2019年7月艾滋病确证阳性患者的流行病学及病例诊断,采用描述性统计方法分析患者发病的疾病种类。结果2012年4月至2019年7月我院共筛查艾滋病187752例,其中初筛阳性数809例,初筛阳性率为4.3‰;确证阳性者543例,确证阳性率为2.89‰;确证病人男性占79.93%,女性占20.07%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);年龄以41~50岁占比最多为21.55%;文化程度以小学及以下比例最多为40.15%,与其他分组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);民族以汉族为主91.90%,汉族和彝族与其他分组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);临床诊断以呼吸系统疾病(17.86%)、神经系统疾病(17.68%)、肿瘤/占位(11.05%)、体检(14.73%)四类为主,与其他分组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);其中艾滋病合并梅毒感染有153例(28.13%)、合并乙肝感染有54例(9.94%)、合并HCV感染有23例(4.24%)、合并结核感染2例(0.37%)。结论AIDS患者并发呼吸系统、肿瘤、神经系统疾病比例较高,建议AIDS患者定期做相关检测,及早进行治疗,以减少AIDS患者因并发症进展而引起死亡。

Objective To retrospectively analyze the causes and types of diseases in patients with positive AIDS confirmed in our hospital,and provide a theoretical basis for prevention and treatment of high-probability co-existing diseases in AIDS patients and reduce the mortality of AIDS patients.Methods A retrospective analysis of the epidemiological and case diagnosis of patients with positive AIDS confirmed in our hospital from April,2012 to July,2019 was conducted,using a descriptive statistical method to analyze the type of disease.Results From April,2012 to July,2019,a total of 187,752 cases of AIDS test were performed in our hospital,among which 809 were positive for the primary screening,with 4.3‰for initial screening,There were 543 confirmed positive cases,with the positive rate 2.89‰.Confirmed male patient accounted for 79.93%,while the females accounted for 20.07%,and the gender difference had a statistical significance(P<0.01).The main age range was 41-50 years old,accounting for up to 21.55%.The educational level was up to 40.15%for primary school and below.The primary school and below and junior high school group had significant differences with other education level groups(P<0.01).The ethnicity was mainly Han nationality with 91.90%.The Han and Yi nationality had significant differences with other ethnic groups(P<0.01).The clinical diagnosis was mainly caused by respiratory diseases(17.86%),nervous system diseases(17.68%),tumor/occupation(11.05%),and physical examination(14.73%),which had significant difference with other disease groups(P<0.01).There were 153 cases(28.13%)of AIDS complicated with syphilis infection,54 cases(9.94%)with hepatitis B infection,23 cases(4.24%)with HCV infection,and 2 cases(0.37)with tuberculosis infection.Conclusion AIDS patients have a higher proportion of respiratory,tumor,and nervous system diseases.It is recommended that AIDS patients should be tested regularly and treated early to reduce the death caused by the progression of complications.