湘资沅澧四水采砂影响综合评价体系与方法

The comprehensive evaluation system and method of the impact of sand mining in Four Rivers of Hunan Province

为探究河流采砂控制对水文、水质、水生态及社会经济的影响及作用效果,以湖南省湘资沅澧四水干流为例,在现场调查与取样分析基础上,系统分析了四水干流采砂规划控制前后河道断面、水位、水质变化情况,提出了包含水沙条件、水质水生态及社会经济三类指标的评价指标体系,并应用熵值法和模糊层次分析法对湖南四水2012—2016年采砂规划控制采砂前后的影响效果进行了综合评价。结果表明,四水采砂规划在执行期间产生了较好的效果,控制采砂地点与进度有利于减少采砂不利影响,但也发现湘江和沅水的采砂控制效果次于资水和澧水。结合熵值理论、M-K方法、PHS方法分析了断面、水位及水质的变化趋势,并通过综合评价方法在控制采砂效果评价的应用,实现了控制采砂效果的量化分析,提出了一种合理的河道采砂影响评价方法。

For investigating the impact of river sand mining control on hydrology,water quality,water ecology and social economy,we evaluated the change of river section,water level and water quality in the main channel of Four Rivers(Xiang River,Zishui River,Yuanshui River,Lishui River)in Hunan province on account of field visit and sample analysis.It established evaluation index system including water and sediment condition,water quality and ecological condition,social and economic condition.It applied Entropy evaluation method and Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)in numerical comprehensive evaluation of sand mining control effect(2010—2016 year)in Four River before and after the application of sand mining project.The evaluation result indicates the good performance of sand mining control during the execution of sand mining project.The control of location and process of sand mining does well in reducing the bad impact of sand mining.However,The effect of sand mining control in Xiangjiang River and Yuanshui River is worse than Zishui River and Lishui River.It analyzed the consequences of variation trend of river bed section,water level and water quality calculated by Entropy method,M-K method and PHS method,and realized the quantitative analysis of sand mining control effect by using comprehensive evaluation methods.A reasonable comprehensive evaluation method for sand mining effect is proposed.