水环境中Ni^2+对鲤鱼鳃和肝脏的组织损伤

Histopathology of Gill and Liver of Cyprinus carpio Exposed to Ni^2+ in Aquatic Environment

为研究水环境中Ni2+对鲤鱼鳃和肝脏的组织损伤,将鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio)暴露在Ni2+浓度为0、0.55、0.62、0.72、0.83、0.96、1.09、1.25 mmol/L的水环境中进行急性毒性试验,并通过组织切片观察鳃和肝脏的组织病理变化。结果显示,Ni2+对鲤鱼的96 h半数致死浓度(LC50)为0.72 mmol/L,安全浓度(SC)为0.0072 mmol/L。高浓度Ni2+(1.25 mmol/L)试验组鲤鱼的鳃小片呼吸上皮细胞坏死、脱落,肝血窦淤血,肝细胞核固缩;中低浓度Ni2+(0.72~1.09 mmol/L)试验组鲤鱼的鳃小片呼吸上皮水肿浮离、细胞增生,血窦充血,肝细胞胞浆空泡化。表明水环境中的Ni2+浓度高于0.0072 mmol/L时会对鲤鱼的鳃和肝脏造成急性毒性,导致鳃和肝脏出现明显的组织病理变化。

In order to investigate the pathological effect of Ni2+on the gills and liver of common carp(Cyprinus carpio),the fish were exposed to different Ni2+concentration with 0,0.55 mmol/L,0.62 mmol/L,0.72 mmol/L,0.83 mmol/L,0.96 mmol/L,1.09 mmol/L and 1.25 mmol/L for acute toxicity experiment.The various histopathological changes of the gills and liver were observed through tissue sections.The results showed that the median lethal concentration(LC50)was 0.72 mmol/L in 96 h and the safe concentration(SC)was 0.0072 mmol/L.In high concentration group(1.25 mmol/L),the respiratoryepithelial cell necrosis and shedding of epithelial cells in secondary gill lamella,hepatic sinus congestion and nuclear condensation of hepatocyte were observed.In medium and low concentration(0.72 mmol/L-1.09 mmol/L),the respiratoryepithelial cells edema and proliferation in the secondary gill lamella,and hepatocyte vacuolation.This study confirmed that Ni2+concentration higher than 0.0072 mmol/L in aquatic environment would cause acute toxicity and pathological changes to the gills and liver of carp.