不同稻田共作模式对土壤细菌群落结构的影响

Effects of Different Co-cultivation Patterns of Rice Field on Soil Bacterial Communities Structure

为探讨不同共作模式对稻田土壤细菌群落多样性和结构的影响,利用Miseq平台Illumina第二代高通量测序技术对河蟹共作稻田(SDHXZ)、龙虾共作稻田(SDLXZ)和稻田单作(SDKBZ)的稻田土壤细菌16S rRNA基因V3-V4区域进行丰富度和多样性指数以及群落结构分析。结果表明,稻田土壤的主要优势菌门是变形菌门、拟杆菌门、绿弯菌门、放线菌门和酸杆菌门。SDHXZ和SDLXZ中变形菌门和拟杆菌门的相对丰度均高于SDKBZ。优势属中硫化菌属的相对丰度在SDHXZ和SDLXZ中均高于SDKBZ。土壤中氨氮含量是主要菌属的第一影响因子。SDHXZ的Ace指数和Shannon指数均高于SDKBZ。主成分分析结果显示,SDHXZ和SDLXZ与SDKBZ土壤细菌群落构成有一定差异。初步揭示了河蟹和龙虾的引入改变稻田土壤细菌群落的结构,尤其是河蟹的引入增加了稻田土壤细菌群落多样性,丰富了细菌群落组成,进一步扩大了优势菌门和优势菌属的相对丰度。

In order to investigate the effects of different co-cultivation patterns on the diversity and structure of soil bacterial community in rice field,analysis of bacterial abundance,diversity index and community structure of 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region in river crab and rice co-cultivation field(SDHXZ),lobster and rice co-cultivation field(SDLXZ)and rice field(SDKBZ)by MiSeq platform Illumina second generation high-throughput sequencing technology.The results showed that the dominant phylum were Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Chloroflexi,Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria.The relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes in SDHXZ and SDLXZ was higher than that in SDKBZ.The relative abundance of Sulfuricurvum in dominant genera was higher in SDHXZ and SDLXZ than in SDKBZ.The content of ammonia nitrogen in soil was the first influencing factor for the main bacteria genus.The Ace and Shannon index of SDHXZ were higher than those of SDKBZ.The results of PCoA analysis showed that there were some differences in the composition of soil bacterial communities between the two patterns of co-cropping and monoculture.This study reveals that the introduction of crabs and lobsters can change the structure of soil bacterial communities in paddy fields.Especially,the introduction of river crab increases the diversity of soil bacterial community,enriches the species of flora,and further expands the relative abundance of dominant phylum and genus.