认罪认罚从宽主体性协商的制度构建

On Institution Construction of Subjective Negotiation in Lenient Punishment for the Admission of Guilt and Acceptance of Penalty

认罪认罚从宽制度改革基本上获得了成功,然而司法实践中却缺乏更高理念的指导,忽视犯罪嫌疑人和被害人的主体性,轻视正义与效率的位阶关系,导致刑罚功能的紊乱,尤其是会极大地削弱刑法作为行为导向的功能。刑事司法模式价值多元,存在主体性协商的需求,主体性哲学为如何对待犯罪人和诉讼当事人提供了道德依据。刑事诉讼程序的设置与制度建构应当以人为目的,尊重诉讼当事人的人格尊严和主体地位,不断强化自我选择和自我决定的能力,在持续的选择中不断地进行自我完善。为此,认罪认罚从宽主体性协商需要从协商主体、协商启动和协商内容等方面深化改革,建立相应的保障机制。

Although the reform on Lenient Punishment for the Admission of Guilt and Acceptance of Penalty has achieved significant success,disadvantages in the juridical practice,such as lack of guidance from superior idea,ignoring the subjectivity of the accused and victim,and disregarding the hierarchy of justice and efficiency,are easy to cause dysfunction of penalty,especially to weaken the function of criminal law in behavior guidance.Criminal justice model has multiple values,and requirement of subjective negotiation is constant and growing.Philosophy of subjectivity provides the moral basis on how to deal fairly with offender and other litigants.The setting of criminal procedure and institution construction should abide by the notion of“Human being is goal”,respecting personal dignity and subjectivity status of litigants,strengthening the ability of self-selection and self-determination,and helping people to achieve self-perfection in the ongoing selection.For this purpose,Lenient Punishment for the Admission of Guilt and Acceptance of Penalty needs to reconstruct the system from the negotiation subject,startup mechanism,negotiation content,etc.,setting up the guarantee mechanism accordingly.