圆明园四十景景名的诗意表现

The Poetic Expression of Scenery Names of the Forty Scenes in Yuanmingyuan Park

中国古典园林中的许多景名都具有浓郁的诗情画意。景名是风景园林一个重要的组成部分,是对园林景点的高度凝练,是为景观增色、体现诗意的途径之一。借助地名的三要素,从景名的音、形、义3个层面分析圆明园四十景的诗意表现,以期为今后景点的命名提供一定借鉴。音的层面,音节恰当、朗朗上口、抑扬顿挫的景名平仄更能体现诗意;形的层面,景名文字的选用和书法艺术的题名都可体现景观诗意;义的层面,引用典故、借助已有景名和创造诗意景名均可体现园林的诗意。

Many of the scenery names in Chinese classical gardens have strong poetic and artistic meanings. As an important part of landscape architecture, the name of scenery is a highly condensed view of the landscape, and it is one of the ways to enhance the landscape and reflect the poetry. Based on the three elements of place names, this paper analyzes the poetic expression of scenery names of the forty scenes in Yuanmingyuan Park from the aspects of sound, form, and meaning of the scenery names, providing some reference for the naming of scenery in the future. At the aspect of sound, the name with proper and catchy syllables and cadence is more poetic. At the aspect of form, the choice of scenery text and the title of calligraphy art can both reflect the poetry of landscape. At the aspect of meaning, quoting allusions, using existing scenery names and creating poetic scenery names can all reflect the poetry of landscape.