自然资源产权制度研究:理论与进展

Reforming Natural Resources Property Rights System:Theory and Progress

研究目的:基于第五届"社会—生态系统"制度分析国际研讨会学者观点,对当前中国自然资源产权制度研究进行梳理,为重塑中国自然资源产权治理体系和形成中国特色的自然资源产权理论提供依据.研究方法:观点综述法、文献调研法.研究结果:(1)当前自然资源产权制度在法律、实际和认知三个维度都存在不完整性并对利用与治理实践产生了影响;(2)产权及其治理体系重塑需要考虑4个方面的因素影响:一是资源本身特征,二是利益相关者的偏好和价值观,三是制度内生性,四是现有体制机制和政府行为;(3)产权制度的实际功能比形式更重要,让制度可信是制度和治理体系的前提.研究结论:中国自然资源产权制度改革是一项复杂的工作,需要综合考虑资源特征、利益相关者的偏好和价值观、制度内生性和当前国家体制机制的影响,改革实践呼唤更为本土化的理论支撑.

The purpose of this paper is to sort out the current research on China’s natural resource property rights system and provide a basis for reshaping China’s natural resource property rights regime and forming a theory of natural resource property rights with Chinese characteristics, based on the scholars’ opinions of the Fifth China Workshop in Institutional Analysis of Social-Ecological Systems. The research methods include opinion review and literature survey. The research results show that 1)the current natural resource property rights system has incompleteness in the three dimensions of law, practice, and cognition, and has affected the use and governance practices. 2)The restructuring of property rights and its governance system needs to consider four factors. The first is the characteristics of the resource itself;the second is the preferences and values of stakeholders;the third is the endogenous nature of the system;the fourth is the existing institutional mechanisms and government behavior. 3)The actual function of the property right system is more important than the form. Making the system credible is the premise of the system and the governance system. The paper concludes that the reform of China’s natural resource property rights system is a complex task that requires careful consideration of resource characteristics, stakeholder preferences and values, institutional endogeneity, and the impact of the current state institutional mechanisms. Reform practices call for more localized theoretical support.