蛋白基多孔材料的制备及其表征

Development and Characterization of Protein-based Porous Materials

本文以自组装小麦醇溶蛋白颗粒(GP)稳定的Pickering高内相乳液(HIPEs)为模板制备具有开孔结构的多孔材料并进行相关表征。通过反溶剂法制备GP,混合丙烯酰胺、聚乙二醇为连续相,正十二烷为分散相制备稳定Pickering HIPEs,研究不同蛋白浓度及油相体积对高内相乳液模板及多孔材料相关性质的影响。在p H 4时,GP浓度为1.5%、2.0%和2.5%及油相分数为75%、80%和85%均能以HIPEs为模板制备出稳定的亲水性多孔材料。GP浓度从1.5%增加至2.5%时,HIPEs中乳液粒径减小,材料内部结构孔壁变厚,表观密度增大,压缩模量从15.16 MPa增至18.01 MPa,2.0%GP浓度制备的多孔材料具有较好的持水能力,吸水率可达10.18 g/g;随着油相体积从75%增加至85%,乳液粒径分布更为均匀,材料的孔洞的D3,2由19.94μm增至23.59μm,表观密度下降,压缩模量由22.58 MPa下降到14.67 MPa。通过以GP稳定的HIPEs模板,成功制备出具有开孔和良好力学性质的亲水性多孔材料,对于多孔聚合材料在食品、生物医药上的应用具有重要意义。

Pickering High Internal Phase Emulsion(HIPEs) template stabilized by self-assembled gliadin particles(GP) was used to prepare porous materials with open-cell structure and the physical performance were characterized. Using GP as a particulate emulsifier, HIPEs template was prepared with the mixture of acrylamide and polyethylene glycol as water phase and n-dodecane as oil phase. Furthermore, the effects of protein concentration and oil phase volume on the properties of porous materials were also studied. The result showed that under pH 4, GP concentrations of 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5% and oil phase volume of 75%, 80% and 85% can be used to prepare stable hydrophilic porous materials using HIPEs templates. When the concentration of GP increased from 1.5% to 2.5%, the particle size of the emulsion in HIPEs decreased, the pore wall of the internal structure became thicker, the apparent density increased, and the compressive modulus increased from 15.16 MPa to 18.01 MPa. Besides, porous material prepared by 2.0% GP concentration had good moisture holding capacity, with the water absorption rate of 10.18 g/g. In addition, as the oil phase volume increased from 75% to 85%, the particle size distribution of the emulsion became more uniform, the pores of the material D3,2 increased from 19.94 μm to 23.59 μm, the apparent density decreased, and the compressive modulus decreased from 22.58 MPa to 14.67 MPa. By using HIPEs template stabilized by GP, hydrophilic porous materials with open-cell structure and good mechanical properties were successfully prepared, which is of great significance for the application of porous polymeric materials in food and biomedicine.