乡村振兴战略视角下空心村问题的多维审视及治理对策——基于苏北刘村的个案考察

Hollow Villages From the Perspective of Rural Vitalization Strategy:A Case Study of Liu Village in Northern Jiangsu Province

经济领域和政治领域改革的深化带来了社会的全面转型,中国逐步进入了一个后乡土时代,农村社会日渐凋敝,空心村现象越来越普遍。从乡村振兴战略视角出发,通过查阅苏北刘村的档案资料和对部分村干部与村民的深度访谈发现,空心村表现出全面“空心化”的困境,具体体现在地理空心化、人口空心化、产业空心化、政治空心化、文化空心化5方面。空心村问题的形成是土地监管不严、人口流动加剧、招商引资困难、治理能力低下、良风美俗销蚀这5方面的因素综合作用的结果。刘村的实践为空心村问题的治理提供了一个很好的启示,根据乡村振兴战略二十字方针,可以从集中居住、政策扶持、土地流转、合作共治、文化复兴等5个方面综合发力,把空心村转变为实心村。

The deepening reform in the economic and political fields has brought about a comprehensive transformation of society.China has gradually entered a post-rural era.Rural society is becoming increasingly depressed,and the phenomenon of hollow villages is becoming increasingly common.From the perspective of rural revitalization strategy,through archive research of LIU village in northern Jiangsu and in-depth interview with some its cadres and villagers,it is found that hollow villages are facing the dilemma of hollowing out in an all-round way,which is embodied in five aspects:geographical hollowing,population hollowing,industrial hollowing,political hollowing and cultural hollowing.The formation of the hollow village is the result of the comprehensive effect of five factors:lax land supervision,aggravated population flow,difficulties in attracting investment,low governance capacity and erosion of good customs.The practices of Liu village shed light on the governance of hollow villages.According to the 12-chracter-guideline of rural revitalization strategy,hollow villages can be transformed into solid villages from five aspects:centralized residence,policy support,land circulation,cooperative governance and cultural revival.