肺表面活性物质在新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的应用

Application of Pulmonary Surfactant in Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome

肺表面活性物质(PS)是一种磷脂-蛋白复合物,主要作用是降低肺泡表面张力,胎龄越小,内源性PS的量也越少,因此早产儿常因内源性PS分泌不足而发生新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)。NRDS严重影响早产儿的生存和发育,为提高早产儿的存活率、减少相关并发症的发生、改善预后,应该积极治疗该病。外源性PS替代疗法的疗效确切,目前临床上已广泛应用于NRDS的治疗,但PS的剂型、使用时机、剂量、给药方法等还未统一,了解这方面的内容可能有助于NRDS的治疗,并改善患儿预后。

Pulmonary surfactant(PS)is a complex mixture of lipids and proteins that reduce alveolar surface tension.The smaller the gestational age,the less amount of endogenous PS,thus preterm infants often suffer from neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS)due to endogenous PS deficiency.NRDS seriously affects the survival and development of preterm infants.And to improve the survival rate of preterm infants,reduce the incidence of the relevant complications and improve the prognosis,the disease should be actively treated.Currently,the efficacy of exogenous surfactant replacement therapy is exact,and it has been widely used in the treatment of NRDS.However,the preparation type,timing and dosing of the surfactant as well as the technique of surfactant administration have not been unified.Understanding this aspect may contribute to the treatment of NRDS and improve the prognosis.