乳铁蛋白生物学功能研究进展

Research Progress on Biological Function of Lactoferrin

乳铁蛋白(LF)是一种由外分泌腺和中性粒细胞分泌的多功能阳离子糖蛋白,广泛存在于大部分生物体液中,具有调节机体的铁代谢、增强机体的抗菌抗病毒能力、调节机体免疫力等多种功能。乳铁蛋白主要通过3种方式发挥其生物学功能:1)与铁紧密结合发挥营养免疫功能;2)与革兰氏阴性菌细胞壁外壁的脂多糖(LPS)结合进而使细菌溶解发挥杀菌作用;3)作用于免疫因子和各种免疫细胞以发挥其免疫调节作用。为了进一步挖掘乳铁蛋白的功能、促进其产品开发及其在食品与饲料工业中的应用,本文对乳铁蛋白的生物学功能进行了综述。

Lactoferrin(LF)is an multifunctional cationic glycoprotein which secreted by exocrine glandular and neutrophils,and widely distributed in most biological fluids.It has multiple functions,such as regulating of host iron metabolism,improving of host defenses in antibacterial and antivirals,and enhancing the host immunity function.Lactoferrin exerts its biological functions mainly in three ways:1)close binding to the iron to play the role of nutrition and immunity;2)binding to the lipopolysaccharide(LPS)of Gram-negative bacteria cytoderm,then make the bacteria dissolve and play an bactericidal role;3)acting on immune factors and various immune cells and play a immunomodulatory role.This paper reviews the studies of lactoferrin and its biological functions in recent years,would help to better understand the function of lactoferrin,develop of related products and apply in area of food and feed industries.