胚蛋注射L-精氨酸对蛋雏鸡孵化性能、1~14日龄肠道发育及血清生化指标的影响

Effects of in Ovo Feeding of L Arginine on Hatchability,Intestinal Development and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Layer Chicks from 1 to 14 Days of Age

本试验旨在研究胚蛋注射L-精氨酸(L-Arg)对蛋雏鸡孵化性能、1~14日龄肠道发育和血清生化指标的影响。选取47周龄京红1号蛋鸡种蛋1080枚,随机分为3组,分别为未注射对照(NC)组、生理盐水注射对照(SC)组和L-Arg注射(Arg)组,每组8个重复,每个重复45枚种蛋。在孵化第17.5天时,Arg组每枚蛋注射0.1 mL 10%的L-Arg溶液(0.85%生理盐水作溶剂,10 mg L-Arg/枚蛋),SC组注射相同剂量的0.85%生理盐水。出壳后,每组选取体重相近的健康母雏120只,随机分为8个重复。试验期14 d。结果表明:1)与NC和SC组相比,胚蛋注射L-Arg对1日龄蛋雏鸡的孵化率和出孵重无显著影响(P>0.05),但显著降低卵黄囊重(P<0.05)。2)与NC和SC组相比,胚蛋注射L-Arg显著提高1日龄蛋雏鸡的空肠长度、3日龄时的十二指肠长度和14日龄时的空肠和回肠长度(P<0.05),对3日龄蛋雏鸡空肠内容物脂肪酶活性有增加趋势(P=0.084)。3)与NC组相比,胚蛋注射L-Arg显著提高14日龄蛋雏鸡的空肠上皮细胞增殖指数(P<0.05)。4)与NC组相比,胚蛋注射L-Arg显著降低3和14日龄蛋雏鸡的血清甘油三酯(TG)含量(P<0.05),显著增加3和14日龄时的血清总胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL)含量(P<0.05)。与SC组相比,胚蛋注射L-Arg显著增加14日龄蛋雏鸡的血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL)和葡萄糖(GLU)含量(P<0.05)。由此可见,胚蛋注射10 mg L-Arg对蛋雏鸡的孵化率和出孵重等孵化性能无不良影响;胚蛋注射10 mg L-Arg促进蛋雏鸡的脂质代谢和糖代谢,为早期肠道发育提供更多能量,提高空肠上皮细胞增殖指数,增加肠道长度,促进早期肠道发育。

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of in ovo feeding of L-arginine(L-Arg)on hatchability,intestinal development and serum biochemical indexes of layer chicks from 1 to 14 days of age.A total of 1080 fertile eggs of 47-week-old Jinghong No.1 layers were randomly assigned to 3 groups including non-injected control(NC)group,saline-injected control(SC)group and L-Arg-injected(Arg)group,with 8 replicates per group and 45 fertile eggs per replicate.At 17.5 days of incubation,each egg in Arg group was injected with 0.1 mL of 10%L-Arg solution(0.85%physiological saline as solvent,10 mg L-Arg per egg),and eggs in SC group were injected with the same dosage of 0.85%physiological saline.A total of 120 healthy female layer chicks with similar body weight per group were randomly allotted into 8 replicates after hatching.The feeding period was lasted for 14 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with NC and SC groups,there were no significant effects on hatching rate and hatching weight of layer chicks at 1 day of age by in ovo feeding of L-Arg(P>0.05),but yolk sac weight was significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)Compared with NC and SC groups,jejunum length at 1 day of age and duodenum length at 3 days of age and jejunum and ileum length of layer chicks at 14 days of age were significantly increased by in ovo feeding of L-Arg(P<0.05),and jejunal contents lipase activity of layer chicks at 3 days of age had a tendency of increase(P=0.084).3)Compared with NC group,proliferation indexes of jejunal epithelial cells of layer chicks at 14 days of age were significantly increased by in ovo feeding of L-Arg(P<0.05).4)Compared with NC group,serum triglyceride(TG)content of layer chicks at 3 and 14 days of age was significantly decreased by in ovo feeding of L-Arg(P<0.05),and serum total cholesterol(TC)and low density lipoprotein(LDL)contents at 3 and 14 days of age were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with SC group,serum high density lipoprotein(HDL)and glucose(Glu)contents of layer chicks at 14 days of age were significantly increased by in ovo feeding of L-Arg(P<0.05).It is concluded that there are no adverse effects on hatching rate and hatching weight of layer chicks by in ovo feeding of 10 mg L-Arg,in ovo feeding of 10 mg L-Arg promotes lipid metabolism and glucose metabolism to providing more energy for early intestinal development,increase proliferation indexes of jejunal epithelial cells,increase intestinal length and promote early intestinal development of layer chicks.