开食料中性洗涤纤维水平对羔羊消化道组织形态和消化酶活性的影响

Effects of Neutral Detergent Fiber Level of Starter on Tissue Morphology and Digestive Enzyme Activities in Digestive Tract of Lambs

本试验旨在研究开食料中性洗涤纤维(NDF)水平对羔羊消化道组织形态和消化酶活性的影响。选择健康的初生湖羊公羔[(初生重(3.01±0.12)kg]18只,随机分为3组,每组6只羊。对照组随母羊哺乳,试验组随母羊哺乳同时于7日龄开始补饲NDF水平分别为15.13%(高NDF水平组)和10.00%(低NDF水平组)的开食料。35日龄时屠宰。结果表明:1)高NDF水平组的瘤胃乳头长度、肌层厚度,网胃乳头长度、乳头宽度、肌层厚度,瓣胃瓣叶宽度、肌层厚度以及皱胃肌层厚度均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),瓣胃瓣叶长度、皱胃黏膜层厚度均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。高NDF水平组的瘤胃乳头长度、网胃肌层厚度均极显著高于低NDF水平组(P<0.01),瓣胃瓣叶宽度、肌层厚度以及皱胃黏膜层厚度均显著高于低NDF水平组(P<0.05)。2)高、低NDF水平组的十二指肠隐窝深度极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),高、低NDF水平组的十二指肠肌层厚度极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。高NDF水平组的空肠绒毛长度极显著高于对照组和低NDF水平组(P<0.01),高、低NDF水平组的空肠隐窝深极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),高NDF水平组的空肠肌层厚度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。高、低NDF水平组的回肠绒毛长度极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),高、低NDF水平组的回肠肌层厚度极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。3)对照组的瘤胃蛋白酶活性极显著高于高、低NDF水平组(P<0.01),高NDF水平组极显著高于低NDF水平组(P<0.01);低NDF水平组的瘤胃α-淀粉酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。低NDF水平组的空肠α-淀粉酶活性显著高于对照组和高NDF水平组(P<0.05),低NDF水平组的十二指肠、空肠和回肠胰蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。由此可见,15.13%NDF水平的开食料有利于断奶前羔羊消化道的发育。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of neutral detergent fiber(NDF)level of starter on tissue morphology and digestive enzyme activities in digestive tract of lambs.Eighteen healthy newborn male Hu lambs[birth weight of(3.01±0.12)kg]were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 lambs per group.Lambs in the control group was suckled with ewe,and others in experimental groups were suckled with ewe and fed the starters which NDF levels were 15.13%(high NDF level group)and 10.00%(low NDF level group)at 7 days of age,respectively.All lambs were slaughtered at 35 days of age.The results showed as follows:1)the papilla length and muscular thickness in rumen,the papilla length,papilla width and muscular thickness in reticulum,the papilla width and muscular thickness in omasum,and the muscular thickness in abomasums of high NDF level group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.01),and the papilla length in omasum and muscular thickness in abomasum was significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The papilla length in rumen and muscular thickness in reticulum of high NDF level group were significantly higher than those of low NDF level group(P<0.01),and the papilla width,muscular thickness in omasum and muscular thickness in abomasum were significantly higher than those of low NDF level group(P<0.05).2)The crypt depth in duodenum of high and low NDF level group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.01),and the muscular thickness in duodenum of high and low NDF level group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).The villus length in jejunum of high NDF level group was significantly higher than that of the control group and low NDF level group(P<0.01),the crypt depth in jejunum of high and low NDF level groups was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.01),and the muscular thickness in jejunum of high NDF level group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The villus length in ileum of high and low NDF level groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01),and the muscular thickness in ileum of low NDF level group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).3)The rumen protease activity of the control group was significantly higher than that of high and low NDF level groups(P<0.01),and the high NDF level group was significantly higher than that of low NDF level group(P<0.01);the rumenα-amylase activity of low NDF level group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).The jejunumα-amylase activity of low NDF level group was significantly higher than that of the control group and high NDF level group(P<0.01),and the activity of trypsin in duodenum,jejunum and ileum of low NDF level group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).In conclusion,the 15.13%NDF level of starter is beneficial to the development of digestive tract of lambs before weaning.