饲粮中添加富含二十二碳六烯酸海藻对奶山羊青年公羔生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质以及脂肪酸组成的影响

Effects of Docosahexaenoic Acid Enriched Algae Supplementation on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance,Muscle Quality and Fatty Acid Composition in Male Kids of Dairy Goats

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加富含二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)海藻对奶山羊青年公羔生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质以及脂肪酸组成的影响。选取16只同质性较好的6月龄[平均体重为(21.90±0.98)kg]奶山羊青年公羔,随机分为2组(每组4个重复,每个重复2只羔羊),分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)和在基础饲粮基础上添加3%富含DHA海藻(干物质基础)的试验饲粮(试验组)。饲喂12周后,从每组随机选择4只公羔(共8只公羔)进行屠宰试验,测定屠宰性能、肌肉品质以及肌肉与脂肪组织中脂肪酸组成。结果显示:与对照组相比,1)饲粮中添加富含DHA海藻对公羔的干物质采食量、平均日增重和饲料报酬无显著影响(P>0.05);2)饲粮中添加富含DHA海藻对公羔的屠宰性能和肌肉品质无显著影响(P<0.05);3)饲粮中添加富含DHA海藻可显著降低血清中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量(P<0.05),显著提高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量(P<0.05),但对血清总胆固醇和甘油三酯含量无显著影响(P>0.05);4)饲粮中添加富含DHA海藻可显著提高肌肉和脂肪组织中DHA和n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量(P<0.05),显著降低肌肉组织中n-6∶n-3 PUFA比值(P<0.05)。由此得出,在饲粮中添加富含DHA海藻对奶山羊青年公羔的生长性能、屠宰性能和肌肉品质均无显著影响,但有改善血脂指标以及肌肉与脂肪组织脂肪酸组成的潜力。

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)-enriched algae supplementation on growth performance,slaughter performance,muscle quality and fatty acid composition in male kids of dairy goat.Sixteen male kids of dairy goats with good homogeneity[average body weight of(21.9±0.98)kg]were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups(4 replicate in each group and 2 male kids in each replicate),and the male kids in the 2 groups were fed a basal diet(control group)and the basal diet supplemented with 3%DHA-enriched algae(DM basis,trial group),respectively.After 12 weeks of feeding,a total of 8 male kids were slaughtered(4 male kids were randomly selected from each group),to test slaughter performance,muscle quality and fatty acid composition in muscle and adipose tissues.The results showed as follows:compared with control group,1)DHA-enriched algae supplementation had no significant effects on dry matter intake(DMI),average daily gain(ADG)and gain/feed(G/F)(P>0.05);2)DHA-enriched algae supplementation did not significantly affect the slaughter performance and muscle quality(P>0.05);3)DHA-enriched algae supplementation significantly decreased the content of serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)(P<0.05),and significantly increased the content of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)(P<0.05),but did not significantly affect the contents of serum total cholesterol(TC)and triglyceride(TG)(P>0.05);4)DHA-enriched algae supplementation significantly increased the contents of DHA and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA)in muscle and adipose tissues(P<0.05),while significantly decreased the ratio of n-6:n-3 PUFA in muscle tissue(P<0.05).In conclusion,adding DHA-enriched algae to diet has the potential to improve blood lipid indexes and fatty acid composition of muscle and adipose tissues in male kids of dairy goats,although growth performance,slaughter performance and muscle quality are not significantly changed by DHA-enriched algae supplementation.