草海北坡工程区不同灌丛植被土壤的持水性能

Soil Water Holding Capacity of Different Shrub Vegetation in North Slope Project Area of Caohai

为草海及周围地区生态综合治理提供参考依据,采用环刀法和铝盒燃烧法研究草海北坡工程区不同灌丛植被土壤的持水性能。结果表明:不同灌丛植被土壤的容重和孔隙度均存在显著差异,其持水能力均偏低,0~20 cm土层土壤容重,女贞最小,为1.04 g/cm^3,花叶青木最大,为1.38 g/cm^3;受工程回填土的影响,土壤容重在垂直结构上呈无规律变化;土壤孔隙度,0~20 cm土层42.87%~54.58%,茶最大,云南羊蹄甲最小;毛管孔隙度,0~20 cm土层为38.08%~53.47%,茶最高,火棘最低;非毛管孔隙度偏小,为0.98%~6.77%,不利于植被的生长;0~20 cm土层土壤的持水量为云南羊蹄甲<火棘<南天竹<杜鹃<红叶石楠<花叶青木<女贞<小果蔷薇<茶,云南羊蹄甲最小,为857.4 g/kg,茶林最大,为1091.6 g/kg。植被选择上应优先考虑茶树的生态和经济价值。

The soil water holding capacity of different shrub vegetation in North Slope project area of Caohai is studied by the cutting-ring and aluminum box combustion methods to provide a reference for comprehensive ecological management of Caohai and surrounding areas.Result:There is a significant difference in soil bulk density and porosity between different shrub woodlands and the soil water holding capacity of the tested shrub woodlands is relatively low.The bulk density of soil with 0-20 cm depth of Ligustrum lucidum and Ancuba japonica woodland is 1.04 g/cm 3(minimum)and 1.38 g/cm 3(maximum)respectively.The soil bulk density shows irregular variation in vertical structure due to influence of engineering backfill.The porosity of soil with 0-20 cm depth of the tested shrub woodlands is 42.87%-54.58%.The porosity of soil with 0-20 cm depth of Camellia sinensis and Bauhinia yunnanensis woodland is 54.58%and 42.87%separately.The capillary porosity of soil with 0-20 cm depth of the tested shrub woodlands is 38.08%-53.47%.The capillary porosity of soil with 0-20 cm depth of and C.sinensis and Pyracantha fortuneana woodland is 53.47%and 38.08%respectively.The soil non-capillary porosity of the tested shrub woodlands is 0.98%-6.77%,which is not beneficial to vegetation growth.The water holding capacity of soil with 0-20 cm depth of the tested shrub woodlands is B.yunnanensis<P.fortuneana<Nandina domestica<Rhododendron simsii<Photinia serratifolia<A.japonica<L.lucidum<Rosa cymosa<C.sinensis.The water holding capacity of soil with 0-20 cm depth of B.yunnanensis and C.sinensis shrub woodland is 857.4 g/kg and 1091.6 g/kg separately.C.sinensis should be selected as the preferred vegetation according to its ecological and economical value in comprehensive ecological management of Caohai.