贵州主要稻区养鱼密度对稻鱼生长及效益的影响

Effects of Fry Release Density on Growth and Economic Benefit of Rice and Fish in Main Rice-growing Areas in Guizhou

为稻鱼共生技术在贵州的推广应用提供参考,于2017-2019年在贵州典型稻区遵义市播州区、锦屏县、兴义市、思南县开展不同养鱼密度(15~75 kg/667m^2)试验,研究贵州不同稻区稻鱼共生适宜的养鱼密度。结果表明:2017-2018年播州区不同养鱼密度对水稻生长、产量均无明显影响,出田鱼产量随投入产量增加而增加,以低密度投入净利增长较大,产投比较高,适合的养鱼密度在15~25 kg/667m^2;2019年锦屏县和兴义市的养鱼密度对水稻产量无明显影响,养鱼量20 kg/667m^2时的产值、净利最高;思南县稻鱼共生水稻产量比水稻净作低41.5 kg/667m^2以上,养鱼量20 kg/667m^2时的产值、净利最高;兴义因景区消费,表现出养鱼量越大,产值和效益越高,养鱼量30 kg/667m^2时的产值、净利最高。除特殊地区外,稻鱼共生大面积生产养鱼密度以20 kg/667m^2为宜。

The suitable fry release density of the rice and fish farming system is studied under different fry release density(15~75 kg/667m^2)in four typical rice-growing areas(Bozhou District,Jinping County,Xingyi City and Sinan County)during 2017~2019 to provide a reference for popularization and application of rice-fish farming technology in Guizhou.Result:The tested fry release density has no obvious effects on growth and yield of rice,the fish yield increases with increase of fry release density and the input/output ratio of the low fry release density is higher than the high fry release density in Bozhou District.The tested fry release density has no obvious effect on rice yield,and the output value and net profit under 20 kg/667m^2 fry release density are the highest in Jinping County and Xingyi City.The rice yield of the rice and fish farming system is 41.5 kg/667m^2 lower than the single rice system,and the output value and net profit of the rice and fish farming system under 20 kg/667m^2 fry release density is the highest in Sinan County.The output value and economic benefit of the rice and fish farming system increase with increase of fry release density due to consumption of scenic spot vistors and are the highest under 30 kg/667m^2 fry release density in Xingyi City.The suitable fry release density for large area production of the rice and fish farming system is 20 kg/667m^2 in most rice-growing areas in Guizhou.