国家能力、居住形态与治理现代化——基于新冠肺炎事件的反思

National Capacity,Habitation Form and Modernization of Governance——Reflection on the COVID-19 Incident

国家治理现代化是一个总体性范畴,既包括国家治理体系和治理能力的改进,也离不开治理能力得以展开的一系列空间条件的改善。以新冠肺炎事件为切入点进行观察,可以发现居住形态已成为国家治理能力转化为治理效能的关键性空间约束。居住形态与身心健康、行为模式、社会稳定等关系密切,高密度的集合住宅更容易引发公共卫生和社会治安问题。通过对本次疫情折射出的基层治理问题的分析,可以发现城乡社会治理中许多困境都与居住形态不合理有关。优化城乡空间布局,改善居住形态,推进城乡社会治理一体化是应对各类公共危机的治本之策,也是实现国家治理现代化的重要路径。

The modernization of national governance is a general category,which includes the improvement both in national governance system and capacity and in a series of space conditions where governance capacity is carried out.Taking the COVID-19 incident as a starting point,we can find that residential form has become the key spatial constraint of transforming state governance capability into governance efficiency.Residential form is closely related to physical and mental health,behavior mode,social stability,etc.and high density collective housing is more likely to cause public health and social security problems.Through the analysis of the grass-roots governance problems reflected in the epidemic,it can be found that many dilemmas in urban and rural social governance are related to unreasonable living patterns.To deal with various public crises,the fundamental strategies should be to optimize the spatial distribution of urban and rural areas,improve the living form,and promote the integration of urban and rural social governance.They are the essential path to realize the modernization of national governance as well.