2018年重庆市结直肠肛门癌疾病负担分析

Disease burden of colorectal and anal cancer in Chongqing municipality,2018

目的了解重庆市结直肠肛门癌疾病负担现状及特征,为开展结直肠肛门癌防治提供建议。方法收集分析2018年重庆市32个区县结直肠肛门癌个案资料(ICD-10:C18-C21),采用SPSS 25.0统计分析发病率、死亡率、标化发病率与标化死亡率、伤残调整寿命年(disability-adjusted life years,DALYs)、早死所致的寿命损失年(years of life lost,YLLs)、残疾所致寿命年损失(years lived with disability,YLDs)等指标。不同地区与性别间发病率、死亡率的比较采用χ^2检验。结果2018年重庆市结直肠肛门癌发病率与标化发病率分别为30.38/10万与19.17/10万,男性发病率(36.18/10万)高于女性(24.49/10万),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=17.32,P<0.001)。城市发病率(32.97/10万)高于农村(29.24/10万),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=5.09,P=0.024)。结直肠肛门癌死亡率与标化死亡率为13.84/10万与8.12/10万,死亡率男性(16.83/10万)高于女性(10.81/10万),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=13.22,P<0.001),城市与农村死亡率差异无统计学意义(χ^2=3.34,P=0.067)。结直肠肛门癌DALYs率为3.37人年/1000,其中YLLs率与YLDs率分别为3.01人年/1000与0.36人年/1000。结论重庆市结直肠肛门癌发病率与疾病负担高于全国平均水平,应重视结直肠肛门癌的防治,提高结直肠肛门癌的早诊早治水平。

Objective To investigate the current status and characteristics of disease burden of colorectal and anal cancer in Chongqing municipality so as to provide suggestions for carrying out colorectal and anal cancer prevention and treatment.Methods We collected the data regarding cases of colorectal and anal cancer(ICD-10:C18-C21)in 32 districts and counties of Chongqing municipality in 2018,and then used SPSS 25.0 software to conduct statistical analysis of indicators,including the incidence rate,mortality rate,age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese standard population(ASIRC),disability-adjusted life years(DALYs),years of life lost(YLLs)and years lived with disability(YLDs).Chi-square test was employed to compare the incidence and mortality rates between males and females as well as between urban and rural areas.Results The incidence rate and ASIRC of colorectal and anal cancer in Chongqing municipality in 2018 were 30.38/100,000 and 19.17/100,000,respectively.The incidence rate of colorectal and anal cancer was higher in males(36.18/100,000)than in females(24.49/100,000)as well as higher in urban area(32.97/100,000)than in rural area(29.24/100,000),showing statistically significant differences(χ^2=17.32,P<0.001;χ^2=5.09,P=0.024).The mortality rate and ASMRC of colorectal and anal cancer were 13.84/100,000 and 8.12/100,000,respectively.There was a statistically significant difference in the mortality rate of colorectal and anal cancer between males and females(16.83/100,000 vs.10.81/100,000,χ^2=13.22,P<0.001),but no statistically significant difference was found in the mortality rate between urban and rural areas(χ^2=3.34,P=0.067).The rate of DALYs of colorectal and anal cancer was 3.37 person-years/1,000,of which the rates of YLLs and YLDs were 3.01 person-years/1,000 and 0.36 person-years/1,000,respectively.Conclusions The incidence rate and disease burden of colorectal and anal cancer in Chongqing municipality in 2018 were both higher than those of the national average level.Special attention should be paid to preventing and treating colorectal and anal cancer and improving its early diagnosis and treatment levels.