缓释肥与速效氮肥配比施用对滨海盐碱稻区水稻产量及生长发育的影响

Effect of Sustained Release Fertilizer and Available Nitrogen Ration Application on Yield and Growth Development of Rice in Coastal Saline Soil

以盐丰47为试验材料,采用小区对比试验方法,研究缓释肥与速效氮肥配比施用对机插水稻生长发育及产量的影响。结果表明,在插后1.5叶龄期施用一次蘖肥45 kg/hm^2,在插后7叶龄期施用112.5 kg/hm^2穗肥会获得高产。该施肥模式增加了后期穗肥的施用量,促进了齐穗后干物质向穗部的转移,抽穗期和成熟期干物质积累量大,同时高效叶面积指数、高效叶面积率和有效叶面积率大,该施肥模式齐穗及生育后期仍有较强的光合能力,达到了保蘖促花的作用。通过产量构成因素分析得出该施肥模式通过增加颖花数、千粒重、结实率和每穗成粒数实现高产。

Using Yanfeng 47 as material,a field plots experiment was conducted to study the effects of sustained release fertilizer and available nitrogen ration application on rice yield and growth development.The results showed that high yield can be obtained by applying 45 kg·hm^-2 tiller fertilizer once at 1.5 leaf age and 112.5 kg·hm^-2 panicle fertilizer at 7 leaf age after transplanting.The fertilization model promoted the transfer of dry matter to the panicle after the heading and the dry matter accumulation in the heading and maturity stages,while the high-efficiency leaf area index,high-efficiency leaf area rate and effective leaf area through increasing the panicle fertilizer.There was strong photosynthetic capacity after heading and the late growth stage,while promoting flower-formation and effective tillers.According to the analysis of yield components,the fertilization model can achieve high yield by increasing the number of spikelets,1000-grain weight,seed setting rate and grain number per panicle.