改革开放以来我国教师教育政策价值变迁的特征与审视

Values Changes of Teacher Education Policies Since the Reform and Opening in China

采取内容分析法,建立教师教育政策的内容维和工具维二维分析框架,对改革开放以来教师教育政策文本进行研究,揭示我国教师教育政策的价值变迁的阶段性特征及其未来走向。研究发现教师教育政策价值变迁呈现阶段性特征:1978年至1990年独立体制恢复期;1991-2000年体制初步改革期;2001年至2010年市场机制建立期;2012年至今的新时期。我国教师教育政策一直重视教师的专业素养提升,强化教师的实践专业性,但依靠市场机制致使教师教育公共属性扭曲,教师教育边缘化,师德教育虚化。把教师教育作为公共物品、对教师教育系统变革、加大对教师教育的支持力度、实施免费的教师教育政策、教师教育伦理化和专业化并举、加强教师教育的法制化是我国教师教育发展的必然趋势。

Content analysis is adopted to establish the two-dimensional analysis framework of the content and tool dimensions of teacher education policies.The text of teacher education policies since the reform and opening has been studied to reveal the stage characteristics and future trends of the values change of teacher education policies in China.It is found that the value changes of teacher education policies show stage characteristics:the recovery period of the independent system from 1978 to 1990;the initial reform period of the system from 1991 to 2000;the establishment period of the market mechanism from 2001 to 2010;the new period from 2012 to the present.The teacher education policies of China have been attaching importance to the improvement of teachers’professional quality and strengthening teachers'practical professionalism,relying on market mechanism has distorted the public attributes of teacher education,marginalized teacher education,and blurred teacher moral education.The inevitable trends for the development of teacher education in China are to take teacher education as a public cause,to reform the system of teacher education,to increase the support for teacher education,to implement free teacher education policy,to develop teacher education ethically and professionally,and to strengthen the legalization of teacher education.