不同秋眠级苜蓿品种在海河平原区的适应性评价

Adaptability Evaluation of Different Fall Dormant Alfalfa Varieties in the Haihe Plain

2013~2017年在海河平原区对35个不同秋眠级紫花苜蓿品种,从生育期、越冬率、枝条数、冬前株高、株高、茎叶比、草产量、饲用品质等方面开展了适应性评价。结果表明:在海河平原区,随着苜蓿秋眠级数的降低,有返青期提前的趋势,秋眠级越高,返青期越晚;大多数品种第4~6茬开花现象不明显。高秋眠级品种越冬率、单位面积枝条数、干草产量显著低于其他品种(P<0.01);株高和冬前株高表现相反:秋眠级8级以上苜蓿品种秋播第1年越冬率仅有40%左右,这类品种越冬存在较大风险。相关性分析表明,秋眠级与冬前株高、株高极显著正相关(P<0.01),与越冬率、枝条数、CP、RFV极显著负相关(P<0.01),其中越冬率和冬前株高相关系数分别达到了0.90、0.86,相关性最强。综合分析在海河平原区适宜秋眠级为3~5级,该试验中适应性较好的苜蓿品种为甘农3号、甘农6号。

From 2013 to 2017,the adaptability of 35 Medicago sativa varieties with different fall dormancy levels was evaluated in terms of growth period,over-winter rate,branch number,pre-winter plant height,plant height,stem-leaf ratio,grass yield and forage quality.The results showed that alfalfa had a tendency to advance the regreening stage,with the fall dormancy series decreasing in the Haihe Plain area,the higher the fall dormancy level,the later the regreening stage;the flowering phenomenon of the 4 th to 6 th cutting of most cultivars was not obvious.The over-winter rate,number of branches per unit area and hay grass yield of high fall dormancy level varieties were significantly lower than those of other varieties(P<0.01),but the plant height and pre-winter plant height were opposite.The overwintering rate of alfalfa cultivars above grade 8 in autumn sowing was only about 40% in the first year of autumn,and first years over-winter rate of more than 8 fall dormancy alfalfa varieties is only about 40% in autumn sowing,there is a greater risk of overwintering for these cultivars.The correlation analysis showed that the fall dormancy level was significantly positively correlated with plant height and plant height before winter,and negatively correlated with the overwintering rate,plant density,CP and RFV.The correlation coefficient between fall dormancy and overwintering rate and plant height before winter reached 0.90 and 0.86 respectively,and the correlation was the highest.Taken together,the suitable fall dormancy level was 3~5 in Haihe Plain area;In this experiment,the alfalfa varieties Gannong No.3 and Gannong No.6 had better adaptability.