锡林浩特市不同景观类型草地对气候的响应

Response of Different Landscape Types of Grassland to Climate in Xilinhot

基于锡林浩特市气温、降水、NDVI、海拔、地形地貌等数据,将其划分为9个景观类型,在景观尺度上对NDVI变化及对气候的响应、不同景观在不同时空尺度上植被生长状况差异等进行研究。同时,选取6个特征年,结合景观空间差异对研究区草地的适应性、脆弱性及敏感性进行划分,分析不同年份水分状况的景观响应。结果显示,降水、海拔、温度的综合效应导致了景观时空分异。温度高、水分较好的景观类型受气候影响较小,温度较高、水分条件差的景观类型比其他景观更加脆弱。低温、水分充足的景观类型更喜好高温气候。气候暖干化大背景下,水分条件优越区将是畜牧业发展重要依赖区域。“暖湿型”气候年份,所有景观草地生长状况都达到了最高值,“冷湿型”气候年份所有景观植被生长状况都受到了抑制;“暖干型”气候年份对水分优越景观类型起正效应,对高温、水分条件差的景观产生负作用。

Based on data temperature,precipitation,NDVI,elevation,topography and geomorphology,Xilinhot city was divided into 9 landscape types.On the landscape scale,we studied the NDVI changes of these nine landscape types and their responses to climate,and studied the differences of vegetation growth in different landscapes at different spatial and temporal scales.At the same time,we selected six characteristic years,combined with landscape spatial differences to divide the adaptability,vulnerability and sensitivity of grassland in the study area,and analyzed the landscape response of precipitation status in different years.The results showed that the combined effects of precipitation,altitude and temperature lead to the spatiotemporal differentiation of landscape.The landscape types with high temperature and good water content was less affected by climate.Landscape types with higher temperatures and poor water conditions was more vulnerable than other landscapes.The landscape types with low-temperature,water-rich landscape type preferred a high-temperature climate.Under the background of warm and dry climate,the area with superior moisture conditions will be an important area for the development of animal husbandry.In the“warm and humid”climate years,the growth of all landscape grassland growth conditions had reached the highest value,and all landscape vegetation growth conditions in the“cold and wet”climate years had been restrained;The“warm and dry”climate year had a positive effect on the landscape type with superior water conditions,and had a negative effect on the landscape with high temperature and poor water conditions.The study on the response of grassland to climate change based on landscape scale can provide scientific basis for the development and rational use of grassland in steppe region.