甘南亚高山草甸水分与能量耦合对生产力的影响

Effect of Water and Energy Coupling on Productivity in the Subalpine Meadow of Gannan

在甘南亚高山草甸牧草生长期,应用FAO Penman-Monteith公式、土壤水分平衡原理、地面能量平衡原理,计算具有明确生物学特性并影响牧草生长发育的水分与能量耦合特性参量,并将特性参量和牧草生产力在时间上做同步分析,结果表明:特性参量对牧草的生长发育影响显著,具有双重气候相关特性,可作为牧草生长发育的综合判断指标和模型变量因子,建立实时的牧草生长发育状况动态评价体系和生产力预测系统模型。在年际变化上,特性参量对牧草生长的振荡性影响减弱消失,趋势性影响明显,特性参量失去双重气候相关性。年气候环境资源利用率不等于各生长季气候环境资源利用率之和,说明年际最大产量的形成是双重气候相关性共同作用的结果。气候因子综合分析表明,降水量与年际最大产量之间具有显著相关性。

In the growth period of subalpine meadows in Gannan,we applied the FAO Penman-Monteith formula,the principle of soil water balance,and the principle of ground energy balance to calculate water and energy coupling characteristic parameters that had clear biological characteristics and affect the growth and development of forage.The parameters and forage productivity were analyzed synchronously in time.The results showed the characteristic parameters had significant influence on the growth and development of forage,and had dual climate-related characteristics.They could be used as comprehensive judgment indicators and model variable factors for the growth and development of forage,and established a real-time dynamic evaluation system and productivity prediction system model for forage growth and development.In the of interannual variation,the oscillating influence of characteristic parameters on forage growth was weakened and disappeared,the trend effect was obvious,and the characteristic parameters lost the dual climate correlation.The annual utilization efficiency of climate and environment resources was not equal to the sum of the utilization rates of climate and environmental resource in each growing season,which indicated that the formation of the interannual maximum yield was the result of the interaction of dual climate correlations.The comprehensive analysis of climatic factors showed that there was a significant correlation between precipitation and annual maximum yield.