马与草原文明的形成和发展

Horse and the Formation and Development of Grassland Civilization

马是游牧文明的标志性核心载体之一。马的驯化,特别是马的承骑不仅造就了游牧文明,推动草原文化走向新的发展阶段,也对整个人类社会的政治、经济、军事、交通、商贸和文化交流产生过深远的影响。游牧形态的形成与发展空前加强和提升了草原文化的内聚力、外张力,出现很多彼此联系紧密、特征相近的游牧民族、游牧帝国,将亚欧草原变成游牧文明天下,对世界的民族、文化格局带来深刻变化。

Horse is one of the symbolic core carriers of nomadic civilization.The domestication of horses,especially the riding of horses,not only brought up nomadic civilization and promoted grassland culture to a new stage of development,but also had a profound impact on the political,economic,military,transportation,trade and cultural exchanges of the whole human society.The formation and development of nomadic forms have strengthened and enhanced the cohesion and external tension of grassland culture unprecedentedly.There are many nomadic peoples and nomadic empires that are closely related and have similar characteristics.They have transformed the Eurasian grassland into a nomadic civilization,bringing profound changes to the national and cultural pattern of the world.