英格兰乡村规划与保护

Review of Rural Planning and Conservation System in England

回顾英格兰乡村发展历程,在讨论“城”“乡”差别的基础上,明确了政府对乡村的定义。依据英格兰乡村产业模式、人口组成、环境土地等统计数据,讨论乡村在英格兰国家发展战略中的地位。在讨论英格兰乡村规划体系的基础上,理顺乡村景观和环境保护区以及相应法律文件和保护目的。讨论乡村保护主管部门变迁脉络以及各类乡村保护民间或专业组织。最后小结讨论英格兰乡村发展面临的挑战以及政府将如何应对。

The paper reviews the evolution of rural planning in England.It discusses and clarifies the differences between rural and urban areas,proposing that rural areas are preferred living places.The paper quotes statistics of the rural economy,census and designations,showing that the economic structure of rural areas is similar to that of urban areas.It further reviews the rural planning system,supported with a list of managing and maintenance organizations,along with key landscape and environmental designations.The last section highlights the imminent potential challenges to rural planning in England,followed by a discussion on how the government deals with them.