中国食物与营养素的进口来源地结构分析

The Structure of Import Source of China s Food and Nutrition

从数量、金额、能量、供能营养素角度分析了中国食物与营养的进口来源地结构。结果表明:美国、巴西和阿根廷、一带一路沿线国家是中国重要的食物进口来源地;营养素进口方面,从美国、巴西和阿根廷进口的蛋白质占中国进口总量的4/5,从美国、巴西和阿根廷、一带一路沿线国家进口的脂肪和碳水化合物数量比重均保持较高水平。进口食物种类方面,油籽进口导致中国对巴西和阿根廷有较高的营养素进口比重;油籽、畜产品、水产品进口导致对美国有较高的蛋白质、脂肪进口比重,油籽、谷物、蔬菜进口是美国在中国碳水化合物进口中占较高比重的主要原因;植物油进口导致中国对一带一路沿线国家有较高的脂肪进口比重,谷物和水果进口是对其有较高碳水化合物进口比重的主要原因。

This article analyzed the structure of the import source of food and nutrition in China in views of quantity,amount of money,energy,protein,fat,and carbohydrates,and the characteristics of nutrient imports were explained in light of imported food types.The results showed that the United States,Brazil and Argentina,and countries along the Belt and Road were important sources of food imports from China.In terms of nutrient imports,imports of proteins from the United States,Brazil,and Argentina accounted for four-fifths of China's total imports.The proportions of fats and carbohydrates imported from the United States,Brazil,Argentina,and countries along the Belt and Road remained high.Oilseed imports led to a higher proportion of China's imports of nutrients to Brazil and Argentina.Imports of oilseeds,livestock products and aquatic products resulted in higher imports of protein and fat to the United States.Imports of oilseeds,grains,and vegetables were the main reasons for the United States'higher share of China's imports of carbohydrates.Imports of vegetable oil led China to have a higher proportion of fat imports to the countries along the Belt and Road,and grain and fruit imports were the main reasons for the higher proportion of imported carbohydrates.