装药结构对爆破振动能量传递的影响研究

Effect of Charge Structure on Energy Transfer of Blasting Vibration

针对某石方钻爆工程单耗大、临近建(构)筑物振动响应较大问题,现场进行了连续耦合装药、径向不耦合装药、中部空气间隔装药及水不耦合装药的四组爆破试验。将测得的试验数据进行基于CEEMDAN的光滑降噪模型去噪,以各频带与原始信号的相关系数及均方误差为指标,筛选出优势分量,通过计算其能量值来判断4种装药结构下爆破振动的破坏力大小,并且对比分析了4种工况下岩体爆破块度,结果表明:空气不耦合装药爆破振动速度-时程曲线携带的能量最小、破坏力最小,水不耦合装药次之,但水不耦合装药爆破能有效降低岩石大块率及粉尘危害。

To solve the problems of large single consumption and large vibration response of adjacent buildings(structures)in a rock drilling blasting project,four sets of blasting tests about the continuous coupling charge,radial uncoupled charge,central air-decked charge and water uncoupled charge were carried out on site.The measured test data were denoised based on the CEEMDAN smooth noise reduction model.The correlation coefficient and mean square error between each frequency band and the original signal were taken as indicators to select the dominant components.The energy values were calculated to judge the destructive force of blasting vibration under the four types of charging structures,and the rock fragmentation under four working conditions was compared and analyzed.The results show that the vibration velocity-time history curve of the air-uncoupled charge blasting has the smallest energy and the least destructive force,followed by the water-uncoupled charge blasting,but the water-uncoupled charge blasting can effectively reduce the rock mass and dust hazard.