5种中草药提取液对裸仁美洲南瓜白粉病的防治效果

Control Effect of Chinese Medicinal Herb Extracts on Powdery Mildew of Hullless Pumpkin

以蛇床子、紫苏、鱼腥草、甘草、细辛等5种中草药乙醇提取物为试验材料,通过室内盆栽试验测定乙醇提取物对裸仁美洲南瓜白粉病的保护和治疗效果。结果表明,供试的5种中草药提取液对南瓜白粉病都有一定的保护和治疗效果,且多数中草药提取液的浓度为0.02 g·mL^-1时的保护和治疗效果高于浓度为0.01 g·mL^-1的效果。其中蛇床子的保护和治疗效果最好,当浓度为0.02 g·mL^-1时保护和治疗效果分别达到87.57%和86.80%。浓度为0.02 g·mL^-1的蛇床子、细辛对南瓜白粉病的保护效果均显著优于化学药剂15%三唑酮可湿性粉剂1000倍液。甘草对南瓜白粉病的保护和治疗效果最差。0.02 g·mL^-1的蛇床子提取液可优先用于南瓜白粉病的新型生物药剂开发。

Taking the ethanol extracts of 5 Chinese herbal medicines,including Cnidium monnie,Perilla frutescens,Houttuynia cordata,Glycyrrhiza uralensis,Asarum heterotropoide as test material,this paper studied the protective and curative effects of ethanol extract on powdery mildew of Hull-less pumpkin by indoor pot cultivation test.The results showed that the tested 5 Chinese herbal extracts had certain protective and curative effects on Hull-less pumpkin powdery mildew,and the protective and curative effects of most Chinese herbal extracts at a concentration of 0.02 g·mL^-1 were higher than the concentration of 0.01 g·mL^-1.Among them,the protective and curative effect of Cnidium monnie extract was the best.When the concentration was 0.02 g·mL^-1,the protective and curative effects were 87.57%and 86.80%,respectively.The protective effects of 0.02 g·mL^-1 Cnidium monnie,Asarum heterotropoide on Hull-less pumpkin powdery mildew were significantly better than that of 15%triadimefon WP by 1000 times.The protective and curative effects of Glycyrrhiza uralensis were the worst.The 0.02 g·mL^-1 extract of Cnidium monnie could be preferentially used as new type biological agents for controlling pumpkin powdery mildew.