磁场与肿瘤转移研究进展

The effects of magnetic fields on tumor metastasis

目前已有多项关于稳态磁场以及基于永磁铁的低频旋转磁场(旋磁)对人体细胞和实验动物的研究,显示其在抑制肿瘤生长方面具有一定的作用。而肿瘤转移是肿瘤病人死亡的主要原因之一,针对肿瘤转移的相关研究是医学领域的一大热点。目前已有一些研究显示磁场本身可以影响肿瘤细胞的侵袭和迁移,以及肿瘤的体内转移。此外,利用纳米技术,将不同参数的磁场与纳米材料联合应用于肿瘤的磁靶向和磁热等,也在肿瘤转移抑制和肿瘤细胞的富集等方面产生了突破性进展。对现有文献中有关稳态和非稳态磁场对肿瘤细胞的侵袭、迁移和肿瘤体内转移,以及磁场与纳米颗粒联合应用于肿瘤转移相关研究数据进行总结、分析和比较,包括磁场参数、处理方式、细胞类型和磁场处理导致的细胞和肿瘤转移变化等。研究不仅有助于人们进一步了解日常生活中所接触到的磁场对生物体的影响,也有助于研究者对磁场参数进行优化,从而为推动未来将磁场单独使用或联合纳米技术应用于肿瘤治疗奠定基础。

There are a number of cellular and animal studies about static magnetic fields and low-frequency rotating magnetic fields based on permanent magnets have shown inhibitory effects on tumor growth.However,tumor metastasis is one of the major reasons for cancer patient lethality,which is a hotspot for medical research.Currently,there are some studies showing that magnetic fields themselves can affect the invasion and migration of tumor cells,as well as cancer metastasis.People have also taken advantage of nanotechnology by combining magnetic fields with different parameters and nanomaterials for tumor targeting and thermomagnetic effects,which have shown great progression in tumor metastasis inhibition and tumor cell enrichment.This review summarized,analyzed and compared the relevant data on the invasion and migration of tumor cells,the metastasis of tumor cells in static magnetic field and the dynamic magnetic field,as well as the magnetic field combined with nanomaterials,including magnetic field parameters and treatment,cell type and the resulting intracellular changes.This helped people not only understand the effects of the magnetic field exposed in daily life on the organism,but also optimize the magnetic field parameters in the future,so that the magnetic fields can be applied to tumor-assisted treatment.