间歇性禁食对肥胖患者的血糖血脂代谢的影响

Effects of intermittent fasting on blood glucose and lipid metabolism in obese patients

目的观察间歇性禁食(IF)对肥胖患者的测量学指标及血糖血脂代谢的影响。方法23例肥胖患者,根据每例患者的体重、体力活动程度计算每日能量需要量,并估算间歇性禁食日的能量摄入量,根据禁食日的能量摄入量设计三餐食谱,每周不连续的2 d为禁食日并依照食谱进食,其余5 d不限制能量摄入,患者均经过8周的间歇性禁食干预。观察患者禁食干预前后体格检查指标、血糖和血脂变化情况。结果禁食干预8周后,男、女患者体重、体质量指数(BMI)、体脂率、内脏脂肪等级、腰围、臀围、腰臀比、收缩压、舒张压与同性别基线值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但均有较明显的下降趋势。男性患者体重减少3.8 kg,女性患者体重减少2.8 kg;体脂率分别下降了1.3%和1.9%。收缩压和舒张压均有下降,收缩压降低更明显。禁食干预8周后,患者空腹血糖、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、载脂蛋白-B(Apo-B)、载脂蛋白-A1(Apo-A1)与基线值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但空腹血糖、TG、Apo-B有下降趋势,TC、LDL-C、HDL-C、Apo-A1无明显趋势。结论间歇性禁食对肥胖患者具有减体重、体脂,促进血脂代谢改善的作用。通过进一步在超重、肥胖、高血压、高血脂患者中推广间歇性禁食干预,可以向广大居民传递正确、科学的营养常识和减重指导,具有深远的疾病预防关口前移的意义。

Objective To observe the effect of intermittent fasting(IF)on measurement indexes and blood glucose and lipid metabolism in obese patients.Methods For 23 obese patients,the daily energy requirement were calculated based on the weight and physical activity of each patient,and estimate the energy intake on intermittent fasting days.A three-meal recipe was designed based on the energy intake on the fasting day.The weekly non-consecutive 2 d was the fasting day and eating follow the recipe.The remaining 5 d were not restricted in energy intake,and patients underwent intermittent fasting intervention for 8 weeks.The changes of physical examination indexes,blood glucose and blood lipid were observed before and after fasting intervention.Results After 8 weeks of fasting intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in the weight,body mass index(BMI),body fat rate,visceral fat level,waist circumference,hip circumference,waist-to-hip ratio,systolic blood pressure,and diastolic blood pressure of male and female patients compared with the baseline value(P>0.05),but all had a significant downward trend.Male patients lost 3.8 kg and female patients lost 2.8 kg;body fat percentage decreased by 1.3%and 1.9%,respectively.Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased,and the systolic blood pressure decreased more significantly.After 8 weeks of fasting intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in fasting blood glucose,triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),and apolipoprotein-B(Apo-B),apolipoprotein-A1(Apo-A1)compared with the baseline values(P>0.05),but fasting blood glucose,TG,Apo-B had a downward trend,TC,LDL-C,HDL-C,Apo-A1 had no obvious trends.Conclusion Intermittent fasting can reduce body weight and fat,and promote the improvement of blood lipid metabolism.Through further promotion of intermittent fasting intervention in overweight,obesity,hypertension and hyperlipidemia patients,correct and scientific nutrition knowledge and weight reduction guidance can be transferred to the general population,which has far-reaching significance of disease prevention.