亚当·斯密在晚清中国的境遇考察与分析

An Investigation and Analysis of Adam Smith,s Situation in China in the Late Qing Dynasty

出于西学东渐和寻求国家富强之需要,斯密及其学说逐渐传入晚清中国。通过对洋务运动、维新变法和清末新政时期涉及斯密的中文出版物的分析,我们了解其在晚清中国的传播过程,知晓传教士和中国人作为传播主体所发挥的作用,明晰译作、报刊、科举试卷、出版机构等媒介的功能,清楚斯密在西方经济学说史中的地位,其著述对世界的影响以及中国人对其学说的理解和运用。我们也要看到随着清末更多的西方经济学说的传播,国人对斯密的认识出现很大变化,从热情译介到追寻更加适合当时中国国情的学说。

For the need of Western learning spreading to the East and seeking for national prosperity, Smith and his theory were gradually introduced into China in the late Qing Dynasty. Through the analysis of the Chinese publications related to Smith in the Westernization Movement, reform and the New Deal period in the late Qing Dynasty, we can understand the communication process in China, the role played by missionaries and Chinese as the main body of communication, the role of translation, newspapers, imperial examination papers, publishing organizations and other media, and know Smith’s position in the history of western economic theory, and his works’ influence on the world And the Chinese people’s understanding and application of his theory. We should also see that with the spread of more western economic theories in the late Qing Dynasty, Chinese people’s understanding of Smith changed a lot, from enthusiastic translation to pursuit of a theory more suitable for China’s national conditions at that time.