事故致因“2-4”模型中“事件”与“动作”的关系探讨

The Relationship between "Event" and "Acts" in the 24 Model

为进一步完善和简化事故致因"2-4"模型,对模型中的"事件"和"动作"之间的关系进行探讨。首先,通过文献分析,确定了事件、动作和状态的定义及属性,提出了动作是事件的观点并加以图示说明。然后,以北京交通大学"12. 26"较大实验室爆炸事故为案例,对图示进行解释,详细分析了上述观点的合理性。结果表明:动作和状态是人和物都具备的,并且状态包含在动作过程中;动作、状态、事故都是事件,事件是人或物的动作,或者动作过程中的某一瞬时状态,故"2-4"模型中动作和事件是等价的,可以相互替代或混用。

In this paper,the relationship between "event" and "acts" in the 24 Model is discussed in order to further improve and simplify the 24 Model. First,through the literature analysis,the definitions and attributes of event,acts and conditions are determined,and the view point of "acts are event" is proposedand illustrated. Then,the illustration is explained by taking the large-scale laboratory explosion accident of "12. 26" of Beijing Jiaotong University as an example,and the rationality of the above view point is analyzed in detail. The research outcomes are: The "acts" and "conditions" are belong to "human" and "objects or substances",and the "acts" are accompanied by "conditions";The "acts", "conditions" and "accident" are all "event",the event is the act of the human,object or substance,or a transient conditions during the act. The "act" is equal to "event" in the 24 Model and they can be substituted by each other.