精神分析视角下的新型冠状病毒肺炎应激性心理反应

Psychological Reactions to Stress of the COVID-19 From A Psychoanalytic Standpoint

2019年12月新型冠状病毒肺炎开始在武汉大流行,对人们的心理产生了一些影响,造成了长期的压力,激发了大团体现象。疫情的危险所产生的情感把人淹没,导致刺激屏障(或“过滤器”)功能退行。新型冠状病毒肺炎还引发了潜意识防御反应,包括强迫性清洁、逆恐行为、幽默和否认;全国数以百万计的家庭实行家庭隔离导致家庭冲突和未解决的童年问题反复出现,既往精神疾病加重;包括精神科医生、心理学家和精神分析师在内的健康工作者都经历了情绪耗竭。最后,在有感染或死亡病例的家庭中,人们观察到哀悼和创伤后现象有所延迟。在这些情况下,基于精神分析原理的不同干预措施都是有益的。

The coronavirus pandemic,which began in Wuhan in December 2019,has persisted to the present day,leading to several psychological effects in China.The real danger is the prolonged stress that has stimulated the large-group phenomena.Overwhelming effects generated by the danger of the pandemic have led to regression in the stimulus barrier(or“filter”).The COVID-19 has also triggered unconscious defensive reactions,including obsessional cleaning,counterphobic behaviors,humor,and denial.The nationally imposed home quarantine of millions of families has caused in-home conflicts and neurotic repetitions of unresolved childhood issues.Prior psychiatric illnesses have been exacerbated.Health workers,including psychiatrists,psychologists,and psychoanalysts,have experienced emotional depletion.Finally,in families where there have been infection or death,delayed mourning and post-traumatic phenomenon have been observed.In each of these situations,different interventions based on psychoanalytic principles have been useful.