吞咽障碍训练联合言语训练在老年吞咽障碍患者中的应用效果

Effects of dysphagia training combined with speech training on elderly patients with deglutition disorders

目的:观察吞咽障碍训练联合言语训练在老年吞咽障碍患者中的应用效果。方法:选取40例饮食需要长期鼻饲的老年患者为研究对象,依据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各20例。对照组患者采用常规吞咽困难训练方法,观察组患者在对照组基础上接受言语训练,比较两组训练后的言语功能分级水平、Frenchay构音评定分级水平、训练效果及生命质量。结果:训练后,观察组患者的Frenchay构音障碍分级和言语功能分级均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);训练2个月后,两组患者V-VEST测试结果和FOIS评定结果比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);训练3个月后,观察组吞咽布丁状稠度和FOIS评定结果均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组生命质量评分显著低于观察组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:吞咽障碍训练联合言语训练可改善老年吞咽障碍患者言语功能和吞咽功能,提高生命质量,效果优于单纯吞咽障碍训练。

Objective:To explore clinical effects of dysphagia training combined with speech training on elderly patients with deglutition disorders.Methods:40 elderly patients with long-term nasal feeding were selected as the research objects,and were divided into control group(n=20)and observation group(n=20)according to the random number table method.The control group used conventional dysphagia training method,while the observation group received speech training on the basis of that of the control group.After the training,the speech function classification level,Frenchay dysarthria assessment level,training effects,and quality of life were compared between the two groups.Results:After the training,the Frenchay dysarthria level and speech function level of the observation group were better than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After 2 months of training,there were no significant differences in the V-VEST test results and FOIS assessment results between the two groups(P>0.05).After 3 months of training,the swallowing pudding-like consistency and FOIS assessment results in the observation group were better than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Further,the quality of life score in the control group was significantly lower than that in the observation group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:Dysphagia training combined with speech training can improve the speech and swallowing functions of the elderly patients with deglutition disorders.Moreover,it is superior to single dysphagia training.