基于元胞自动机和SIS传染算法的恐慌状态下行人疏散模型

Study on Pedestrian Evacuation Model under Panic State Based on Cellular Automata and SIS Algorithm

为了研究人群在恐慌状态下的疏散行为特征,基于元胞自动机和SIS传染算法提出了一种用于恐慌状态下的行人疏散模型.通过场域模型给出了行人的移动收益公式,并利用SIS传染算法来研究恐慌情绪在人群中的传播规律及对疏散行为造成的影响,同时,给出了恐慌情绪量化公式.然后,通过仿真实验对疏散时间、行人密度、恐慌情绪比值和平均速度等参数进行了分析和讨论.仿真实验结果表明:行人密度与恐慌人数之间为正相关,人群到出口的距离与恐慌人数比例、恐慌因子W_p之间为正相关;恐慌情绪比值与疏散时间、恐慌因子Wp之间为负相关,人群平均速度与行人密度之间为负相关.

With the view of studying the evacuation behavior characteristics of the crowd in panic,a pedestrian evacuation model in a panic state is proposed in this paper by combining cellular automaton and SIS(susceptible-infective-susceptible)epidemic algorithm.With the proposed model,we propose the pedestrian motion gain formula by using the field model,study the propagation law of panic mood in the crowd and its effect on evacuation behavior by using the SIS epidemic algorithm,and then produce the quantitative formula of panic mood.Finally,parameters such as evacuation time,pedestrian density,panic mood threshold and the average velocity,etc.,are analyzed and discussed through simulation experiments.Experimental results show that the pedestrian density is positively associated with the number of panic pedestrian,and the distance from the exit is positively associated with the number of panic pedestrian and panic weight coefficient Wp.However,the panic degree ratio is negatively associated with the evacuation time and Wp,and the average velocity is negatively associated with pedestrian density.