文学在两难之间--以萧统《文选序》为中心

Literature between Dilemmas:Centered on Xiao Tong’s Preface to Wenxuan(《文选》)

自魏晋开始,文学的审美娱情属性逐渐得到认知和强调。至齐梁时代,此观念一时成为主流,这在昭明太子萧统所撰《文选序》及其弟萧纲、萧绎的相关论著中有深刻体现。在齐梁作家的文学理论表述中,汉魏时期文学的政治文化属性被有意忽略了。这种忽略或许是文学发展的必经阶段,但却始终不是中国古代文学的主要样态。与萧统《序》不同,《文选》的选篇和编次,却反映了梁代文人对文学政治文化属性的极大认同。文学的政治文化属性得到更长久更广范的肯定,这或许可以视为中国古代文学的一个最为根本的特点。

Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties,the aesthetic and entertaining attributes of literature have gradually been recognized and emphasized.In the Qi and Liang Dynasties,this idea became the mainstream,which was deeply reflected in Xiao Tong’s Preface to WenXuan.The political and cultural attributes of literature have been affirmed for a longer time and more widely,which may be regarded as one of the most fundamental characteristics of ancient Chinese literature.