重庆市某农村地区5~6岁儿童尿液中邻苯二甲酸酯类代谢物调查

Urinary phthalate metabolites in children aged 5-6 years in some rural areas of Chongqing

目的了解重庆市某农村地区5~6岁年龄组儿童邻苯二甲酸酯的暴露水平。方法于2010年3-6月,通过分层整群随机抽样方法,随机抽取了重庆市某县6个乡镇中心幼儿园的210名5~6岁儿童(其中,男性108人,女性102人),检测随机尿液中邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)五种一级代谢产物[邻苯二甲酸单甲酯(MMP)、邻苯二甲酸单丁酯(MBP)、邻苯二甲酸单乙酯(MEP)、邻苯二甲酸单苄基酯(MBzP)和邻苯二甲酸单(2-乙基己基)酯(MEHP)]的浓度。结果除MBzP未检出外,尿中其余4种PAEs代谢产物的检出率依次为MEHP(84.76%)>MBP(73.81%)>MMP(6.67%)>MEP(4.76%)。不同性别儿童尿中MMP、MEP、MBP、MEHP的浓度和检出率间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论该地区5~6岁儿童受MBP和MEHP原型物邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DBP)和邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)的污染较为严重。

Objective To understand the exposure levels of phthalate metabolites among children aged 5-6 years in some rural areas of Chongqing. Methods A total of 210 participants(108 boys and 102 girls,aged 5-6) from six township center kindergartens were recruited by stratified cluster sampling in a county of Chongqing from March to June in 2010. Five phthalate metabolites including monomethyl phthalate(MMP),mono-n-butyl phthalate(MBP),monoethyl phthalate(MEP),monobenzyl phthalate(MBzP) and mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(MEHP) in spot urine samples were analyzed. Results The detection rates of MEHP,MBP,MMP,MEP and MBzP were ranked as 84.76%,73.81%,6.67%,4.76% and 0.00%. The levels and detection rates of MMP,MEP,MBP and MEHP in urine had no significant differences between boys and girls(P>0.05).Conclusion The exposure levels of dimethyl phthalate(DBP) and diethyl hexyl phthalate(DEHP),the prototypes of MBP and MEHP,are higher in the children aged 5-6 years in the investigated areas.