质量特性对航天器火工冲击传递影响仿真分析

Simulation analysis of the influence of quality characteristics on spacecraft pyroshock transmission

航天器火工冲击环境复杂,冲击载荷的瞬态、高度非线性等特点,使得冲击响应的准确预示具有一定难度。卫星舱板上分布大量单机设备,其质量特性成为影响火工冲击传递的关键因素。根据火工冲击传递机理,建立了卫星舱板与单机设备的冲击有限元简化模型,计算了舱板上的火工冲击响应。通过与试验数据的对比,误差控制在±3.5 dB内,验证了有限元建模的合理性。以此为基础,研究了火工冲击传递特性,为火工冲击响应预示及卫星舱板布局设计提供了参考。

Pryoshock environment on the spacecraft is complex, the impact load is transient and highly nonlinear, which makes the pyroshock response difficult to be predicted. Quality characteristics of equipment distributing on satellite boards become the key factor of pyroshock transmission. According to the mechanism of pyroshock transmission, the simplified finite element method(FEM) models of satellite boards and equipment were built and the responses on the satellite boards were calculated. Comparing the results with test data, the error was controlled under ±3.5 dB which confirmed the rationality of the FEM modeling. The method of simulation provides a reference for the prediction of pyroshock response and the design of satellite layout.