中华蜜蜂新法养殖关键技术

Key Techniques of Apis Cerana Cerana Breeding

中华蜜蜂是我国宝贵的蜜蜂资源,近年来以其繁殖快、生态环保效益突出等优势受到业界高度重视,是生产实践中推广的关键技术一是中蜂高效过箱技术,包括过箱适宜的环境条件、速度快且稳的过箱方法以及过箱后的管理等;二是中蜂人工高效育王技术,包括育王条件控制、封群选择,育王的新方法等;三是中蜂强群饲养新技术,中蜂分蜂热的控制、培育优质蜂、王双王群饲养和分区饲养管理技术等。四是中华蜜蜂主要疾病防治。目前危害较大的疾病主要有中蜂囊状幼虫病、欧洲幼虫腐臭病和巢虫病,生产中一定要遵循“防重于治”的原则。预防措施主要包括环境卫生,及时清理旧巢脾、培育抗病性强的蜂王和保证优质的饲料等。

Apis cerana cerana is a valuable bee resource in China.In recent years,it has been highly valued by the industry for its rapid reproduction and outstanding ecological and environmental benefits,and also is the key technology promoted in production practice.The first is the efficient bee-boxing technology,including suitable environmental conditions for the bee-boxing,the fast and stable method of the bee-boxing,and the management after bee-boxing.The second is the artificial and efficient breeding technology of queen,including the condition control,the selection of closed group,the new method of queen breeding,etc.The third is new techniques for breeding strong bee colonies,including controlling the bee fever,breeding high-quality bees,group and regional breeding management techniques,etc.The fourth is prevention and control of main diseases of Apis cerana cerana.At present,vesicular larval disease,European larvae rot disease and nest worm disease mainly cause greater harm to Apis cerana cerana breeding.The principle of"prevention over treatment"must be followed in production.Preventive measures mainly include environmental sanitation,timely cleaning of old nest spleen,breeding of queen bee with strong disease resistance,and ensuring high-quality feed.