老年人居家锻炼积极性因素与设计师介入机会研究

Factors Affecting the Elderly’s Motivation in Home-based Exercise Participation and the Opportunities for Designers

目的居家锻炼对老年人自身来说是一个良好的身体锻炼和身心康复方案,对于家庭、社会乃至政府而言,降低了为照顾老人而投入的时间、精力乃至金钱。探索影响老年人居家锻炼积极性的因素和设计师的介入机会与方向。方法基于广泛的文献分析总结影响老年人居家锻炼积极性的因素,并通过严肃游戏分析,提炼出在严肃游戏中适用于促进老年人居家锻炼的特性。再通过专家评估与设计师访谈,确定锻炼项目本身的设计对老年人居家锻炼积极性的关键影响,进而强调锻炼项目设计的重要性。结论提出促进老年人居家锻炼积极性因素的核心是优秀的锻炼项目设计,并给出老年严肃游戏设计的流程框架图,以期在为解决老年人居家运动积极性的问题上,明确设计师在游戏设计各部分的作用,并给予设计师相应的帮助和指导。

The work aims to explore the factors that affect the elderly’s motivation to participate in home-based exercise and the opportunities and directions for designers to get involved,in view of that home-based exercise is not only a suitable program for the elderly’s physical and mental rehabilitation,but also reduces the time,energy and even money invested in caring for the elderly for families,society and government.Based on an extensive literature review,the relevant factors affecting the elderly’s motivation to participate in home-based exercise were summarized and the characteristics of the serious games that could be useful to increase the elderly’s motivation were extracted.Subsequently through expert evaluations and designer interviews,the critical influence of exercise program design on the elderly’s motivation was determined to emphasize significance of design in exercise program.In the end,it is proposed that the excellent exercise program design is the key to promote the elderly’s motivation in home-based exercise.The flow chart of serious game design for the elderly is also put forward to define the role of the designer in each part of the game design and give the designer corresponding help and guidance to solve the elderly’s motivation in home-based exercise.