归与成:“学院派”传统对中国学术传统的影响与营造实践

Return with Success:the Influence of"Collegiate"Tradition on Chinese Academic Tradition and Architectural Practice

宾夕法尼亚大学毕业的第一代中国建筑师不仅把他们在宾大接受的"学院派"体系的教育带到了亟需建设的中国,设计了一系列改变了近代中国面貌的折衷主义的建筑,而且他们也通过自己的有序的学术研究和学术调研实践活动丰富了中国传统建筑研究的领域和内容。他们以梁思成为代表,在对中国建筑教育研究的过程中,继承并创造性地发展了"鲍扎(学院派)"教育体系;这不仅是对"学院派"教育体系的继承和本土化,更是融入"中国营造学社"研究理念及其他艺术学科和专业背景的一种全新创造;并最终创建了中国建筑研究的科学范式。

The first generation of Chinese architects who graduated from the University of Pennsylvania not only brought to China the"collegiate"system of architectural education they received in the University of Pennsylvania,in a time of urgent need of construction,but also designed a series of eclectic buildings that changed the image of modem China,and they also enriched the field and content of Chinese traditional architecture research through their orderly academic research and academic research practice activities.They have inherited and creatively developed the"collegiate"system in studying Chinese architectural education,represented by LIANG Sicheng.This is not only the inheritance and localisation of the"collegiate"education system,but also a new creation integrated into the research concept of"the Research of Chinese Architecture"and other art disciplines and professional backgrounds.Finally,they have developed a scientific paradign of research in Chinese architecture.