新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎发病机制研究进展

Progress in the pathogenesis of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(necrotizing enterocolitis,NEC)是新生儿科常见的胃肠道危重症,发病率及致死率均较高,其发病的病理生理机制仍尚未完全阐明,因此对NEC的治疗目前主要仅限于对症治疗.近年来,关于NEC发病机制的研究不断增多,该文从胃肠道发育不成熟、肠道微生态、氧化应激反应、喂养不当、输血、炎症介质等方面的发病机制进行阐述,为临床预防及诊疗NEC提供新的思路.

Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC)is one of common gastrointestinal critical diseases in the neonatal medical center,with high morbidity and mortality.The pathophysiological mechanism of the NEC is still unclear so far.Thus,the treatment of NEC is currently mainly limited to the symptomatic treatment in clinic.In the recent years,the studies on the pathogenesis of NEC have been increasing.This artical clarified the pathogenesis of NEC in six aspects:the pathogeny of intestinal immune function,gut microbiome,oxidative stress reaction,breastfeeding,blood transfusion and inflammatory mediators,to provide a new detection in prevention,diagnosis and treatment of NEC.